Programme: Political Science

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    CLIMATE CHANGE AND AFRICA’S FOOD SECURITY: A STUDY OF HERDERS AND FARMERS CONFLICT IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
    (Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) AFORIJIKU, Oluwayemisi Esther; Covenant University Dissertation
    Climate change and environmental challenges have increasingly become critical stressors influencing socio-economic and security dynamics in Nigeria, particularly in agrarian communities, like Ondo State. The research is motivated by the growing concern over the increasing frequency and severity of conflicts between farmers and herders, which are exacerbated by climate-induced environmental pressures such as desertification, irregular rainfall, and depletion of natural resources. This study investigated the multifaceted relationship between climate change, farmer-herder conflict, agricultural productivity, food security, and policy responses in Ondo State, Nigeria. The study deepens understanding of how climate change worsens ecological degradation and inter-group conflicts, especially between herders and farmers in Ondo State. It highlighted the need to analyse these conflicts as distinct yet climate-sensitive phenomena. Besides, it provided actionable insights for policymakers, development agencies, and local communities. Also, the study contributed to conflict resolution, sustainable agriculture, and climate resilience strategies in vulnerable regions. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 14 participants comprising farmers, herders, government officials, and community leaders across conflict-prone areas in Ondo State. The study thematically analysed the transcripts, generating codes and categories which were synthesised into four major themes: climate-induced migration and conflict escalation, declining agricultural output and food insecurity, socioeconomic and livelihood disruption, and policy and peacebuilding interventions. Findings revealed that climate change has significantly contributed to the herder-farmer conflict by triggering migration and competition over scarce land and water resources. The conflict has led to widespread destruction of farmland, displacement of rural communities, reduced agricultural productivity, and heightened food insecurity. Besides, despite the presence of government initiatives such as the anti-open grazing law, climatesmart agricultural programs, and local security networks like the Amotekun Corps, weak enforcement, poor coordination, and limited community involvement continue to hinder progress. However, farmers reported declining yields due to drought and flooding, while herders face shrinking pasturelands, often pushing them to encroach on farmlands. These environmental pressures have escalated tensions, resulting in crop destruction, cattle theft, community displacement, and in some cases, loss of lives. The study also highlighted governance lapses, weak enforcement of anti-grazing laws, and a lack of sustainable adaptation measures as key enablers of the conflict. Therefore, the study concluded that addressing climate-induced farmer-herder conflict in Ondo State requires a multi-sectoral approach that combines environmental sustainability, social justice, and institutional accountability. The study recommended the establishment of designated grazing zones, enhanced security presence, community dialogue platforms, and greater support for farmers and herders from NGOs and development partners
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    Democratising Continental Peacebuilding Architecture in Africa: Strategy for Attainment of Agenda 2063 of the African Union
    (Journal of African Union Studies Vol. 13, No. 3, 2024-12-01) Osimen Goddy U.; Joseph Ruth Modupeoluwa; Omidiora Oluwasegun; Adi Isaac
    Africa’s journey toward sustainable peace is hindered by centralised, top-down peacebuilding frameworks that often overlook local contexts and community needs. The main argument is that democratising peacebuilding within the African Union’s (AU) Agenda 2063 can lead to a more inclusive and effective approach, enhancing the long-term success of peace initiatives. Based on regime theory, which emphasises the need for cooperation and common norms, this study employs qualitative methods to examine both constraints and opportunities in AU policy papers, reports, and academic literature. Findings indicate that engaging local actors—such as community groups, women, and youth—promotes local ownership and durable peace. Recommendations highlight the need for increased local involvement and sustainable funding to advance Agenda 2063’s peace goals.
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    The Electorates and Electioneering Process: A Global View of Democratic System
    (Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 2024) Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Osimen Goddy U.; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike; ADI Isaac
    Electorates in every society are empowered by the constitution to exercise their rights to vote in removing any government that has become unpopular. The unpopular government has attained its position from its bad styles of leadership and ill-treatment of people who have elected them into leadership positions. The study examines elections as a power in the hands of the electorates who are faced with challenges such as insecurity, corruption, poverty, and the like. The study also explores the activities of the government that portray it as unpopular among the electorates. Secondary data is sourced for this research from books, newspapers, journals, and online platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and others alike. Structural Functionalism is used as the theoretical framework of analysis in this paper. The study concludes that election is a democratic tool in the hands of the electorates which can easily be used as a function in ensuring good governance in their society but faced with some challenges such as insecurity that led to defunctionalize. Unpopular government has been discovered to be a temporary existence that is always short-lived since the power of the electorates is non-contestable. It is therefore recommended that serious awareness should be created at all times to keep the electorates informed of their power to effect change of government with the use of elections.
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    E-Governance in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects
    (RUDN Journal of Public Administration, 2022) Oghuvbu Ejiroghene A.; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Oni Samuel O.
    The basic duty or function of government all over the globe is to akin to the yearnings, aspirations and needs of its citizens. Bureaucratic institutions are used as veritable tools in the administration to establish and implement public policies and programs aimed at serving the demands of the people. It’s on this note the study examines the challenges of e-governance in Nigeria. Due to large dependence on secondary sources of data acquired from papers published in respected academic journals, official publications, Conference papers, internet sources and relevant books, the study adopted the use of content analysis techniques. The study discovered, among other issues, that low knowledge of ICT, insufficient legal framework, and inadequate infrastructure are among the challenges that obstruct the efficient adoption of e-governance in Nigeria. The research, on the other hand, the study found out that e-governance has a lot of potential for the country, including giving information on job openings, e-police system, a medium for information transmission, and economic development, among other features. From the issues discovered the study recommended that government should provide ICT infrastructure, ICT legislation should be enacted in the nation, and the government should demonstrate commitment to making e-governance a success in the country, among other issues. The study concluded by noting that e-governance is critical to the country’s realization of accountable, responsive, and transparent government in Nigeria.
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    Inclusive or Exclusive Democracy? Interrogating Structural Violence in Elections in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic
    (Pak. j. life soc. Sci. 22(2), 2024) DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIA; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Olu-Owolabi Fadeke
    Election is primate to democracy to the extent that it serves as a benchmark for evaluating a country's democratic quality. The recognition, acceptance and respect of the right to vote and be voted for is thus highly fundamental in a democratic system. However, the electoral sphere in Nigeria, since the country's return to democracy in 1999, has been marred by systemic issues that amount to structural violence. This includes gross violations of political rights, the marginalization of women and youths, and widespread manipulations and inconsistencies. These troubling aspects not only hinder the democratic process but also perpetuate inequalities and injustices within the system. With the overall objective of interrogating structural violence in Nigeria’s electoral system, this study adopted a qualitative approach using secondary data sources and thematic analysis. Findings of this study revealed the structural limitations and inequalities prevalent in the country’s elections. Since Nigeria’s return to democracy, structural violence has taken different forms and has had significant implications for the country’s electoral system. This study concludes that structural violence in the electoral process is detrimental to the country's democratic quality, social cohesion, and long-term stability.
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    Human Factors and Cultism Control in Social Media for Higher Education
    (Handbook of Research on the Role of Human Factors in IT Project Management, 2020) Azeta Ambrose Agbon; Ativie Raymond; Misra Sanjay; Azeta Angela E.; Chidozie Felix C.; Amosu Olufunmilola
    The social media network is one of the trending platforms engaged for communication by students. Regrettably, this system has been used by persons to plan and commit cyber fraud and public vices. Some of the tertiary institutions including secondary and university in Nigeria have been turned to cultist environments resulting in killings and disorder amongst students in the school and environs. This is a situation that has continued to struggle with solutions in most higher institutions in the country, particularly in the government owned institutions. This obviously is a human factor issue that needs to be addressed. The objective of this study is to provide social media-based system that is integrated with anti-cultism component services towards combating cultism on campus. The platform will support interaction and learning on and off campus while at the same time helping to curtail cultism among students through filtering of keywords communicated on social media that are crime-based or cultism-related. In carrying out this study, appropriate research methods and implementation techniques such as modeling, design, server-side programming, database were deployed. The platform provides a dual platform that will enable active students to participate in learning, and also cultism control in the school system.