Department of Biochemistry

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://itsupport.cu.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/28750

Welcome to the Department of Biochemistry

Browse

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1

DETECTION OF kdr AND rdl MUTATIONS IN PERMETHRIN-EXPOSED Anopheles gambiae
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-09) AKANNI, Mosunmola Hannah; Covenant University Dissertation
The emergence of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors compromises the effectiveness of vector control interventions, including long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. This study assessed insecticide resistance, species composition, and the mechanism of resistance in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Larvae and pupae were gotten from Nestle, Ota, Ogun state, Nigeria and were reared to adulthood at the Covenant University Insectary, 3-5 days non-blood fed female mosquitoes were exposed to 0.75% permethrin according WHO tube assay protocol, polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Anopheles gambiae species and allele specific polymerase chain reaction was used to detect kdr and rdl mutation. WHO susceptibility assays revealed resistance to permethrin. Molecular identification confirmed that An. gambiae was the predominant species, indicating a high risk of malaria transmission. Genotyping of the kdr west (L1014F) and rdl loci showed high frequencies of resistant alleles, with the heterozygous RS genotype being the most common in both loci. Hardy–Weinberg analyses revealed a non-random distribution of genotypes, reflecting selection pressure from insecticide exposure. Co-occurrence analysis suggested that kdr and rdl mutations largely occur independently, indicating that multi-resistance is emerging but not yet widespread. This study provides insight into the genetic basis and prevalence of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors, suggesting the need for continuous surveillance and evidence-based vector control approaches to preserve the efficacy of malaria interventions in Nigeria.