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Ethnopharmacological relevance, phytochemistry, potential health benefits and toxicity profile of Ananas comosus (L.) Merr (pineapple)
(Pharmacological Research - Natural Products 10 ( Elsevier), 2026) Ugbogu, Eziuche A.; Iweala, Emeka Joshua; Ukachukwu, Chukwudi Eke; Babayo, Christy; Dania, Omoremime Elizabeth; Isreal, Chollom Longs; Omonhinmin, Conrad A.; Cleanclay, Wisdom D.; Okoro, Benedict Chukwuebuka
In traditional medicine, the cortexes of A. comosus are used as an alexipharmic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal agent, while the leaves are commonly used as a remedy for indigestion. This review provides a thorough and upto- date literature on the ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, and potential health benefits of A. comosus. The articles used for this study were obtained from databases such as ScienceDirect, Frontiersin, PubMed, Springer, and MDPI. In addition, only articles written in English were included in this review. Phytochemical analysis revealed that A. comosus contains numerous biologically active compounds, including n-hexadecanoic acid, bromelain, n-heptadecanol-1, methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, squalene, α-tocopherol, tetradecane, 5- hydroxymethylfurfural, dihydroxyacetone, dodecane, DL-α-tocopherol, furan methanol, dodecanoic acid, and 2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one, among others. Various in vivo and in vitro biochemical studies have also shown that A. comosus possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antimalarial, cardioprotective, anthelmintic, and antidiabetic properties. Therefore, this review shows the biologically active compounds in A. comosus and the potential of different parts of A. comosus to prevent and treat various diseases. While A. comosus has shown promise in animal studies, human clinical trials are needed to determine safe and effective doses. Further research may reveal additional uses for this versatile plant as a functional food and in modern healthcare as a traditional and complementary alternative medicine.
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Abstract 999: Spectrum of germline BRCA1/2 gene mutations in Nigerian breast cancer patients
(Cancer Res (2025) 85 (8_Supplement_1):, 2025-04-21) Onyia, Abimbola F.; Jibrin, Paul; Olatunji-Agunbiade, Temitope; Oyekan, Ademola; Lawal, AbdulRazzaq; Alabi, Adewumi; Sowunmi, Anthonia C.; Aje, Eben A.; Ogunniyi, Oluwabusayo B.; Nkom, Ebenezer S.; De Campos, Opeyemi C.; Rotimi, Oluwakemi A.; Oyelade, Jelili O.; Rotimi, Solomon O.
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Nigerian women, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being the most prevalent. The TNBC subtype is characterized by mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, and germline pathogenic carriers of these mutations have an increased risk for BC. Despite these challenges, the prevalence and spectrum of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in the Nigerian population differ, and there is a margin in the local capacity to characterize these variations. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and characterize germline variations in BRCA 1/2 genes in Nigerian BC patients and healthy aged-matched controls to understand the genetic risk profiles of BC in this population. Forty-five BC patients were recruited across four major hospitals in Nigeria and aged-matched with 51 healthy female controls. DNA was extracted from blood samples, followed by targeted sequencing of BRCA 1/2 intronic and exonic regions using the Ampliseq for BRCA panel and the Illumina Miseq Platform. Variant calling was performed, and the clinical significance of identified variants was evaluated on the ClinVar and BRCA exchange databases. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) were assessed using known in silico prediction software, and haplotype analysis was carried out using the Haploview 4.2 software. Pathogenic variants were identified in 6.7% of cases, all exclusive to BC patients. These variants included two BRCA1 variants (3: c.133_134delAA (p.Lys45fs) and c.5324T>A (21: p.Met1775Lys), and one BRCA 2 variant (22: c.8817_8820del (p.Lys2939fs) all found in patients with the TNBC subtype. Additionally, 97 benign or likely benign BRCA1/2 variants were found in both BC and control groups, with notable variants such as the rs799917 identified as a surrogate indicator of ancestry. Eighteen VUS were identified, with four predicted to be damaging by three in silico prediction software. The results of haplotype analysis identified distinct BC haplotypes in Nigerian BC patients. The identification of BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in Nigerian BC patients, especially those with TNBC, suggests a potential for targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors, to improve treatment outcomes in this population. This further highlights the need for increased population-specific screening and the integration of genetic screening into BC management strategies, which could facilitate early detection, personalized treatment plans, and genetic counseling for Nigerian BC patients.
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Surveillance of Wolbachia infection in mosquito species in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
(Discover Applied Sciences, 2025-03-27) Tebamifor, Mercy Eyitomi; Cleanclay, Wisdom D.; Mamudu, Collins Ojonugwa; Ogunlana, Olubanke Olujoke
Introduction In light of climate change, proliferation of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue and malaria is a mounting concern, driven by expanding mosquito populations as a result of favorable environment for their survival. Addressing public health challenges caused by mosquitoes demands constant innovation and sustainable solutions. Objective This study responds to recent reports of Wolbachia infections in West African mosquito species, suggesting their potential as biocontrol agents for disease vectors. We seek to detect the presence of Wolbachia pipientis in different mosquito species in Ota and identify mosquito species present in the area. Method We conducted a comprehensive mosquito larval surveillance in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria using a systematic stratified random sampling method from November 2022 to March 2023 to assess mosquito species distribution and Wolbachia infection. During this period, we surveyed mosquito larvae in various sites, rearing them to adulthood. We meticulously identified species, sex, and collection locations then, stored specimens at − 20 °C. Sodium chloride precipitation protocol was employed to extract DNA from the mosquitoes individually. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was carried out using one to one point five microliter of DNA, with distilled water as negative control. Results Out of 1265 emerging young adult mosquitoes, 62.1% were females, while 37.1% were males. Aedes species constituted 22.2%, Anopheles 37.2%, and Culex 40.6% of the population. DNA analysis identified Wolbachia infection in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, with wsp gene sizes ranging from 590 to 632 bp, confirming Wolbachia presence by sequencing. Conclusion Our study is the first report on Wolbachia presence in Aedes sp within this region, which suggests that this mosquito species is a less likely vector for dengue virus and other related infectious agents. The study highlights the importance of continuous mosquito population and breeding site monitoring for potential biocontrol interventions against disease vectors.
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Targeting invasion-associated proteins PfSUB2 and PfTRAMP in Plasmodium falciparum: identification of potential inhibitors via molecular docking
(BMC Infectious Diseases, 2025) Okafor, Esther. O.; Bella-Omunagbe, Mercy; Elugbadebo, Temitope; Dokunmu, Titilope M.; Adebiyi, Ezekiel
Plasmodium falciparum subtilisin-like protease 2 (PfSUB2) is responsible for processing Plasmodium falciparum thrombospondin-related apical merozoite protein (PfTRAMP). These proteins are essential for asexual blood stage growth and RBC invasion and have, therefore, been identified as potential drug targets. This study predicted the three-dimensional structure of PfSUB2 and PfTRAMP and identified potential inhibitors using molecular docking methods. Five hundred nineteen compounds were docked against both proteins with AutoDock Vina in PyRx. Compounds 139,974,934 and 154,414,021 exhibited better binding affinities when compared to the standard inhibitors, PMSF, which highlights them as suitable inhibitors and potential antimalarials targeting PfTRAMP and PfSUB2. It also highlights 155,204,487 as a compound with dual antimalarial target potential, exhibiting a better binding affinity to PfTRAMP and PfSUB2. The study recommends 139,974,934, 154,414,021, and 155,204,487 as possible compounds for antimalarial drug development.
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In silico molecular modeling and simulations of black tea theaflavins revealed theaflavin-3’-gallate as putative liver X receptor-beta agonist
(Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics Volume 41, 2023) Adigun, Temidayo O.; Danazum, Ammar U.; Umar, Haruna I.; Na’Allah, Asiat; Alabi, Mutiu A.; Cleanclay, Wisdom D.; Aberuagba, Adepeju; Alejolowo, Omokolade O.; Bamidele, Joy O.; Omotayo, Olakunle S.; Medayedupin, Oluwatobi A.
The low constitutive activation of Liver X receptor, an endogenous nuclear receptor with two subtypes (α and β), is a condition lying at the crossroad of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Both natural and synthetic Liver X receptor agonists have reportedly shown remarkable antiproliferative and atheroprotective effects but the repeated doses of its synthetic ones are also paradoxically associated with hyperlipidaemic effects and neurotoxicity, though attributed to the alpha subtype. This highlights the need for novel, safe, and potent LXR-beta-selective agonists. Hypocholesterolaemic effects of black theaflavins have been widely reported, but data on the exact theaflavin compound (s) responsible for these effects is currently lacking. Neither is information on the possible modulatory effects of the compound (s) on LXRbeta nor its possible implications in the context of drug development for cardiovascular diseases and cancers is explored. On this account, we investigated the potential interaction of four main theaflavin monomers (TF1, TF2A, TF2B & TF3) with human LXR-beta through robust computational modelling that entails molecular docking, free energy calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. The ligands were further profiled (in silico) for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicological properties. Our result revealed theaflavin TF2B as a putative LXR-beta agonist, possibly responsible for the widely observed hypocholesterolaemic effect in black tea. This finding, while encouraging, needs to be experimentally verified in wet studies.