Browsing by Author "Covenant University Dissertation"

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENTIAL AND CELEBRITY MARKETING IN NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-04) GBEREVBIE REJOICE EGEHELE; Covenant University Dissertation
Experiential and Celebrity Marketing are one of the major marketing strategies adopted by advertisers such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi to attract consumers to their products. While Celebrity Marketing looks promising and a quicker way to get consumers, it might not prove to be a long-term solution for an audience seeking the physical experience of a product. The study aimed to develop a nuanced understanding of the differences between experiential and celebrity marketing focusing on their distinct impacts on consumer perception, purchase behaviour and brand positioning across different personality types. The study made use of two distinct methods which are Myer-Briggs (MBTI) personality test and Solomon four quasi-experimental design. 256 respondents who fit all 16 MBTI personality types were purposely selected through the use of questionnaires, this informed the focus group process for Solomon four quasi-experimental design. After which a comparison was carried out with the result from the different personality types who responded to both Experiential and Celebrity Marketing treatments across the same three metrics. The result revealed various personality types that function well with a marketing strategy e.g ENFJ, ENFP and ENTJ etc. The results also revealed that personality traits significantly influence how individuals respond to different advertising strategies even in controlled settings.
A COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING COMPOUNDPROTEIN INTERACTION FOR PROSTATE CANCER THERAPEUTIC DISCOVERY
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) AGBI, Mayowa; Covenant University Dissertation
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major public health issue globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, with its limited number of diagnostic and treatment resources, it accounts for high mortality. The conventional approach to drug discovery is lengthy, expensive, and often insufficient to address the complex treatment-resistant prostate cancers present. In this study, a deep learning computational framework to predict Compound-Protein Interactions (CPI) for prostate cancer drug discovery was developed. An end-to-end machine learning pipeline was implemented using curated datasets from Zenodo, ChEMBL, BindingDB, and UniProt. Molecular representations for compounds were constructed using 2048-bit Morgan fingerprints, dimensionally reduced to 200 via Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and for the proteins, 100-dimensional 3-mer Word2Vec embeddings were used. These features were fed into a double-input deep neural network that was optimized with binary-cross-entropy loss, the Adam optimizer, and dropout regularization. The model identified five novel bioactive compounds for targeting proteins of prostate cancer biomarkers. Model confidence was used to prioritize predicted interactions for AR, SRC, and EGFR. Molecular docking in PyRx and AutoDock Vina, followed by visualization in Discovery Studio supporting strong binding affinity (-7.2 to -10) and complementarity from the structural point of view, constituting therapeutic potential. An integration of molecular docking enriched translational value to the prediction. The results presented here point to a disease-specific platform for in silico drug discovery in prostate cancer. This study opens a very promising path toward giving priority to candidate compounds by coupling the deep learning with structure-based affirmation. It provides a very viable ground to be merged with experimental validation and combinatorial therapy design, thereby taking one step further into machine learning-assisted precision oncology.
A MULTI-DOCUMENT SUMMARIZATION APPROACH FOR QUERY-DRIVEN NON-FACTOID QUESTION-ANSWERING SYSTEM
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) EFOSA-ZUWA, Emmanuel Temidire; Covenant University Dissertation
In Natural Language Processing (NLP), Question Answering Systems (QAS) are essential for facilitating efficient access to relevant information. Traditional QAS approaches typically involve decomposing user queries, retrieving relevant documents, and ranking potential answers, often struggle with non-factoid questions that require detailed, context-rich responses synthesized from multiple sources. While existing research has focused heavily on passage selection and ranking, many methods fail to produce a coherent answer, leaving the challenge of multi-source summarization largely unresolved. This study presents a transfer learning-based QAS framework that addresses non-factoid queries through multi-source summarization. The framework follows a multi-stage methodology incorporating question paraphrasing, contradiction detection, sentence embedding and pruning, and a hybrid approach combining extractive and abstractive summarization techniques. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted using benchmark datasets, including WikiHow QA and PubMedQA to evaluate its effectiveness. The proposed system achieved strong quantitative results, with scores on WikiHow QA (ROUGE-1: 34.10, ROUGE-2: 12.30, ROUGE-L: 32.10, BLEU: 25.14, BERTScore: 95.17) and PubMedQA (ROUGE-1: 42.30, ROUGE-2: 16.10, ROUGE-L: 33.40, BLEU: 31.66, BERTScore: 95.72), demonstrating its ability to generate accurate and contextually relevant answers. Qualitative evaluations also yielded promising outcomes, with average ratings of 4.37 for information, 4.16 for conciseness, 4.20 for readability, and 4.01 for correctness on a 5-point scale, confirming the model’s effectiveness in delivering accurate and comprehensible responses. This transfer learning-based QAS framework contributes meaningfully to advancements in NLP and offers valuable support for researchers and developers working on intelligent, explainable, and practical question answering systems.
ADAPTING MOBILESAM FOR FEW-SHOT SEGMENTATION OF PROSTATE CANCER IN HISTOPATHOLOGY IMAGES
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) ANTHONY, Micheal IdediA; Covenant University Dissertation
Segmenting prostate cancer in tissue images is difficult because of irregular gland shapes, broken tissue structures, and very few labelled images available for training. This study introduces FrozenSE-SAM, a segmentation method that works well even with small datasets. It combines a frozen MobileSAM encoder with a lightweight decoder enhanced by Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and is trained using Focal Tversky Loss, which helps focus on difficult regions. Unlike older methods that need extra shape information or lots of labels, FrozenSE-SAM can directly segment tumour regions without prompts. It was trained on only 35 tissue microarray (TMA) cores from the Gleason 2019 dataset and tested on 100 new samples. The model achieved a Dice score of 68.45%, which is better than U-Net (60.72%), Swin-UNETR (58.12%), and a Signed Distance Function (SDF) based model (62.77%). For measuring boundary accuracy, FrozenSE-SAM showed better performance with HD95 = 0.0228 mm and ASD = 0.0056 mm, compared to the SDF model (HD95 = 0.0328 mm, ASD = 0.0072 mm), and worse scores from U-Net and Swin-UNETR. Visual/Qualitative result also confirmed that FrozenSE-SAM was better at outlining complex tumour regions. It could accurately segment cribriform and fused glands without including nearby healthy tissue. In contrast, the SDF model produced blurry edges and missed finer structures, leading to under-segmentation. These results show that FrozenSE-SAM is a strong, reliable method for prostate cancer segmentation, especially in real-world situations with limited data.
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AS PREDICTORS OF BURNOUT AMONG OGUN STATE ROAD SAFETY PERSONNEL: MEDIATING ROLE OF EMOTIONAL SELF-REGULATION
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) AGEMA, Hembafan Rita; Covenant University Dissertation
This study explored the predictive role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on burnout among Ogun State Road Safety personnel. It further examined the mediating role of emotional self-regulation. Grounded in Maslach’s Burnout Theory, Gross’s Process Model of Emotion Regulation, and Developmental Trauma Theory, the study employed correlational design. A total of 249 personnel (67.1% male; aged 20–58 years, M = 37.17, SD = 7.96) were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using three validated instruments: The Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire–Short Form (ERQ-S), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Descriptive statistics showed that 27.7% of participants reported low burnout, 61.0% moderate burnout, and 17.3% high burnout. Simple linear regression revealed that ACEs significantly predicted burnout, B = 2.65, p < .001, R² = .091, highlighting that higher exposure to childhood adversity was linked with increased symptoms of burnout. Although, mediation analysis using Hayes’ PROCESS macro (Model 4) showed that emotional self-regulation did not significantly mediate the effect of ACEs on burnout, indirect effect = 0.13, 95% CI [–0.10, 0.40], as the confidence interval included zero. However, emotional self-regulation significantly predicted burnout, B = –0.43, p < .001, ACEs did not significantly predict emotional self-regulation, B = –0.31, p =. 238.These findings underscore the independent influence of ACEs and emotional self-regulation on burnout. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the Federal Road Safety Corps implement targeted mental health awareness initiatives to help personnel recognise and manage burnout, particularly among those with higher exposure to adverse childhood experiences.
ANALYSIS OF PHYTATE CONTENT VARIABILITY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF GENES IN COWPEA LANDRACES
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) OMODIAGBE, David Eromosele; Covenant University Dissertation
Phytate is a naturally occurring phosphorus-storage compound in seeds, but it reduces the bioavailability of iron, zinc, and calcium in human diets. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), an essential dietary protein source widely consumed in Nigeria, contains notable phytate levels, which may hinder micronutrient absorption with regular consumption. This study investigated phytate content in Nigerian cowpea accessions and explored candidate genes involved in its biosynthesis to guide future efforts for nutritional improvement. Thirty (30) cowpea landraces were obtained from the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB). Phytate concentration was quantified using acid digestion followed by filtration and titration. To explore the genetic basis of phytate accumulation, protein sequences of known phytate biosynthetic genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, and Phaseolus vulgaris were retrieved from Phytozome 14.0. These sequences were used for BLASTp searches to identify putative homologues in cowpea. Homologous cowpea sequences were aligned and subjected to phylogenetic analysis using the Neighbour-Joining method in MEGA v12.0.11 with 10,000 bootstrap replicates to assess evolutionary relationships. The results showed significant variation in phytate content, 3.96‒30.94mg/g (p < 0.001) across cowpea accessions. The cowpea sequences displayed strong homology to known phytate biosynthetic enzymes in seed, MIPS (Myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase), ITPK (Inositol 1,3,4-triphosphate 5/6-kinase), IPK2 (Inositol 1,4,5-tris-phosphate kinase), MRP (Multidrug-resistance-associated protein ATP-binding cassette), IMP (Inositol monophosphate phosphatase), MIK (Myo-inositol kinase), and IPK1 (Inositol 1,3,4,5,6 pentakisphosphate 2-kinase), with low E-values and high identity percentages. Phylogenetic clustering of cowpea sequences alongside those from related legumes suggests potential functional conservation, although expression-level validation is necessary. Quantitative gene expression profiling to further clarify the roles of these genes in phytate biosynthesis and accumulation is needed. These identified genes could be prioritised for reverse genetics or transcriptomic studies, provided that tissue-specific expression and off-target impacts are carefully evaluated
ASSESSING CONSUMER SHOPPING AND CYBER PROTECTION ON E-COMMERCE BRANDS
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) AKINOLA, Mobolaji Nifemi; Covenant University Dissertation
This paper examines the consumer shopping behavior and cyber protection in the evolving ecommerce industry in Nigeria, especially in Lagos State. With online retail growing at an increasing pace, issues regarding data security, trust and digital fraud have been raised, particularly within the context of informal and social commerce. The research investigates how consumers navigate these concerns, the cybersecurity measures adopted by e-commerce brands, and how these factors influence trust and purchase decisions. Using a mixed-method approach, the study employs both survey results and qualitative inquiry to evaluate security measures among consumers, safety functions offered by the brands, and the reaction of consumers to the internet threats. Results indicate that, though most consumers understand some fundamental security measures, there are some holes in cybersecurity literacy, particularly among non-techsavvy users. Brands, though increasingly proactive, often fail to effectively communicate their safety protocols. Based on the research findings, the report concludes that digital trust is not based on technology only but on transparency, user education, and a consistent security message. Recommendations include enhancing digital literacy, implementing more user-friendly safety signals, and enforcing clearer data protection policies to strengthen consumer confidence
ASSESSMENT OF CRISIS COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE FOR CRISIS MANAGEMENT: A STUDY OF FLUTTERWAVE AND PAYSTACK
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) NWITE, Juliet Ngozi; Covenant University Dissertation
This study assessed crisis communication and social media usage for crisis management in the Nigerian Fintech sector, focusing on Flutterwave and Paystack. Guided by the Situational Crisis Communication Theory and the Social-Mediated Crisis Communication Model, the research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining a cross-sectional survey of 400 respondents with descriptive content analysis of official crisis-related communications from the two companies. The objectives were to examine the extent of social media utilization for crisis management, identify the strategies employed, evaluate the influence of social media use on public reaction, and analyze public complaints regarding crisis communication on social media. The findings revealed that both Flutterwave and Paystack actively used social media platforms, particularly X (formerly Twitter), during crises. Flutterwave’s communication was characterized by frequent, real-time updates and direct engagement, while Paystack adopted a more measured approach with fewer but more detailed updates. Timeliness, transparency, and interactive engagement emerged as significant factors influencing public trust and perception. However, common complaints included delayed responses, insufficient detail in updates, and perceived lack of empathy in crisis communication. The study concludes that effective use of social media is essential for Fintech crisis management, as it directly impacts stakeholder trust and brand reputation. The study recommends enhancing real-time communication capacity, ensuring consistency of messages across platforms, integrating empathy and transparency into crisis communication, and using public sentiment analysis to refine crisis strategies. The research contributes to existing knowledge by providing empirical evidence on Fintech crisis communication in Nigeria, extending theoretical applications of SCCT and SMCC to an African context, and offering practical strategies for improving corporate crisis responses in the digital era.
ASSESSMENT OF FGFR2 AND FGFR4 POLYMORPHISMS IN NIGERIAN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-09) OGBODO, Peace Nzubechukwu; Covenant University Dissertation
Breast cancer (BC) persists as the most frequently occurring cancer in females, with a growing incidence percentage in sub-Saharan Africa. BC has been correlated with FGFR2 and FGFR4 genetic variations in different populations. However, the data on Nigerian women are scarce. This study investigated the association of FGFR2 rs1219648 (A>G), FGFR2 rs2981582 (A>G), and FGFR4 rs351855 (G>A) with BC risk in a Nigerian cohort. A case-control design was employed involving 75 BC cases and 75 controls. Using blood samples, genomic DNA was extracted, and SNP genotyping was conducted with the use of TaqMan® allelic discrimination assay. Genotype and allele frequencies comparison was conducted using chi-square, odds ratios, and Fisher’s exact tests. The FGFR2 rs1219648 G allele was significantly more common (48.0%) in cases than controls (35.3%), with the GG genotype conferring a significant increase in risk (OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.07 - 6.64, p = 0.039). FGFR2 rs2981582 showed no significant genotype-level association, but the minor A allele was more common in cases (43.2%) than controls (31.3%) (p = 0.045). FGFR4 rs351855 was not significantly associated with BC. None of the SNPs showed association with tumour immunohistochemical subtypes. The findings identify FGFR2 rs1219648 as a significant risk factor for BC in Nigerian women and highlight the need for larger, multi-centre studies to validate these associations.
ASSESSMENT OF HEALING ARCHITECTURE STRATEGIES FOR THE DESIGN OF ORIKI GROUP WELLNESS CENTRE, JABI, ABUJA, NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-06) INI-UKIM, Didarabasi Esther; Covenant University Dissertation
This study investigates the implementation of healing architecture strategies in the design of a wellness centre located in Jabi, Abuja, with a focus on enhancing users’ physical, emotional, and mental well-being. The study grounded in Biophilic Design Theory and Therapeutic Landscape Theory explores how nature-integrated and sensory design elements promote health and wellbeing. The research reviewed literature and relevant theoretical frameworks to reveal elements such as natural and artificial lighting, ventilation, biophilic elements, acoustic comfort, colour psychology and spatial coherence play crucial roles in a therapeutic environment to support physical and mental balance. A comparative analysis of international and domestic case studies to evaluate how these strategies have been implemented in existing wellness centres around the world including SHA Wellness Clinic, Chiva-Som, Mii Amo and Abuja based centres such as Nisa Wellness Retreat, Beauty Secrets MedSpa, and JVee Wellness Spa. Findings from the analysis showed Nisa Wellness Retreat and Beauty Secrets MedSpa demonstrated stronger biophilic and therapeutic elements compared to JVee Wellness Spa. Structured questionnaires were administered to assess user perception of these healing architecture strategies, and the responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and reliability tests (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.856). The results indicate users highly value natural lighting, quietness, ventilation and exposure to nature, as these strategies contribute significantly to relaxation, mental clarity and overall comfort. The research offers valuable design insights for architects and developers seeking to incorporate healing architecture strategies therapeutic environments.
ASSESSMENT OF INCLUSIVE ARCHITECTURAL STRATEGIES FOR THE DESIGN OF AN INNOVATION HUB FOR OYO STATE GOVERNMENT IN OGBOMOSO, NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) OYELUDE, Felicia Opeyemi; Covenant University Dissertation
Inclusive architectural strategies are crucial in ensuring that innovation hubs serve as equitable environments to promote creativity, social participation, and accessibility for all users. This study explores the assessment of inclusive architectural strategies and their impact on social inclusion within selected innovation hubs in Southwest Nigeria. The aim of the study was to enhance social inclusivity through the integration of inclusive design principles in the architectural development of innovation hubs. To achieve this, the study pursued four key objectives: to identify inclusive architectural strategies applicable to innovation hub design; to examine the social inclusion characteristics within innovation hubs; to assess the impact of inclusive architectural strategies on improving social inclusion; and to apply findings in the design of a proposed innovation hub in Ogbomoso. A pragmatic research philosophy guided the study, adopting a mixed-methods approach. The research design was based on case studies of five innovation hubs: Oluseun Onigbinde Resource Centre, Premier Hub Innovation Centre, Co-Creation Hub, PDX Innovation Hub, and Dare Adeboye Innovation Hub. Data were collected through structured questionnaires (n=170) and observation checklists, and analysed using SPSS for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative insights. Key findings reveal that inclusive architectural features, such as barrier-free access, intuitive wayfinding, sensory design elements, and flexible workspaces, positively influence users’ sense of belonging, engagement, and social interaction. However, several barriers hinder full implementation, including weak policy enforcement, limited funding, inadequate stakeholder awareness, and partial adherence to national accessibility codes. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on inclusive architecture in developing contexts and highlights the need for architects, policymakers, and innovation hub managers to prioritize universal design principles from inception. It also provides a practical design framework for inclusive innovation hubs. Limitations of the study include its geographical focus on innovation hubs in Southwest Nigeria and the fact that only innovation hubs that granted access for case study visits were used, resulting in a purposive selection. Recommendations for future research include expanding the scope to other regions in Nigeria or other developing countries, incorporating longitudinal studies to assess long-term user experience, and exploring digital inclusivity in hybrid innovation environments.
ASSESSMENT OF PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING USERS’ COMFORT IN DENNIS OSADEBEY UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ASABA, NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) AMADHE, Florence Ewomazino; Covenant University Dissertation
Academic libraries in tropical regions like southern Nigeria often suffer from poor environmental control and user discomfort due to limited application of passive design strategies. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of passive design elements in enhancing user comfort, with a focus on informing the design of a proposed academic library at Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba. The research was guided by Environmental Comfort Theory and the Bioclimatic Design Framework, which emphasize human-centred, climate-responsive architectural solutions. Four objectives directed the study: to examine effective implementations of passive strategies in hot-humid climates; to determine the extent of adoption in selected academic libraries; to evaluate how the presence or absence of these strategies impacts user comfort; and to apply the findings in the design of a new academic library. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining literature review, structured observations, international case analyses, and a user survey involving 315 respondents. Data analysis included content analysis, descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank correlation, and CATREG regression modeling. Findings from the literature review revealed that natural ventilation, daylighting, spatial zoning, thermal massing, and shading devices are among the most frequently recommended passive design strategies for hot-humid climates. Observations from three academic libraries in Delta State showed limited implementation of ventilation and shading strategies, though daylight access and spatial layout were moderately considered. Survey results indicated strong correlations between user comfort and proximity to windows, daylight quality, and spatial flexibility, with regression analysis identifying spatial layout (β = 0.402), artificial lighting, and sunlight control as the strongest predictors of comfort (Adjusted R² = 0.530). These findings informed the final architectural design proposal, incorporating passive techniques adapted to Asaba’s climatic context. The study concludes that passive design strategies significantly enhance comfort in academic libraries and recommends prioritizing adaptable layouts, hybrid ventilation systems, and daylight optimization in future institutional projects.
ASSESSMENT OF PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION STRATEGIES IN THE DESIGN OF HIGH-SPEED TRAIN TERMINAL, IJOKO, NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) Nzeh Millicent Eberechukwu; Covenant University Dissertation
Urban public transportation availability, which has tremendous potential to replace private vehicle use, is a dire need in the 21st Century. This is because of the continuous increase in global urbanisation. The heartbeat of transit systems within large cities is train terminals, which have gained prominence since the Industrial Era. However, minute consideration has been given to the planning of pedestrian circulation and the unique requirements of passengers within train terminals, posing a threat to the safety and efficiency of these transportation systems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate pedestrian circulation in existing train terminals with a view to implementing strategies that enhance user experience in the design of a high-speed train terminal in Ijoko, Ogun. A mixed-method approach is adopted as the research approach, involving the qualitative and quantitative aspects. The qualitative aspect involved examining and obtaining data from three selected Nigerian train terminals and four foreign train terminals used as the case studies. Conversely, quantitative data were harnessed by a questionnaire from fifty-five users of train stations. For a comprehensive analysis of the quantitative data, version 27 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used. Tables, figures and plates were utilised to present the research results effectively. The mean ranking of the implemented pedestrian circulation strategies within the three local case studies was computed using SPSS. Similarly, the pedestrian circulation strategies’ portion of variance and sphericity of correlation matrix were also thoroughly computed through the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin’s (KMO) and Bartlett’s tests, respectively. The appropriate size and positioning of vertical circulation and horizontal circulation systems, as well as the availability of signage showing the building’s functional spaces, are some of the pertinent pedestrian circulation strategies that influence satisfaction with the overall user experience in train terminals. This research study deeply explores important considerations for optimal pedestrian circulation through the proposal of an architectural design of a high-speed train terminal in Ogun State, Nigeria. The findings will be useful to built industry professionals involved in the design of high-speed train terminals. Three of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are advocated for in this study, which are the ninth goal of “industry, innovation, and infrastructure”; the eleventh goal of “sustainable cities and communities”; and the third goal of “good health and well-being”
ASSESSMENT OF REGENERATIVE ARCHITECTURE PRINCIPLES AND USER WELL-BEING FOR THE DESIGN OF NATIONAL WELLNESS HOTEL IN JABI, ABUJA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) Olukayode, Bisola Grace; Covenant University Dissertation
Architects, construction industry experts, and their clients are increasingly interested in regenerative design, which shows much promise for a new era of sustainable and positiveimpact architecture. Similarly, the wellness market is growing exponentially as customers prioritise their health and well-being and seek wellness experiences more frequently in the post-COVID-19 era. Integrating hospitality, healthcare, and regenerative design functions has become a well-acknowledged phenomenon in the built environment. Therefore, this research aims to implement regenerative architecture principles (RAPs) into the design of a wellness hotel in Abuja, Nigeria, to enhance users’ well-being. The following objectives will achieve this aim; examining the applicability of regenerative architecture principles to hotel designs; identifying the regenerative architecture principles in a wellness hotel; analysing the impact of regenerative architecture design principles on user well-being in wellness hotels, and implementing the research findings to develop an innovative wellness hotel that enhances user well-being. The research adopts a pragmatic philosophy and a mixed-methods approach, utilising a case study design that includes three wellness facilities—Nisa Wellness Retreat, Jvee Wellness and Spa, and Evenana Wellness. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observation checklists, with analysis conducted using SPSS for quantitative data and thematic frameworks for qualitative data. Findings from the case study reveal that while there is an average implementation of certain regenerative architecture principles, such as passive design strategies, use of local materials, and renewable energy sources, other principles relating to water management and inclusive design are underutilised. The analysis from the interviews and questionnaires demonstrates a significantly strong relationship between user well-being and regenerative architecture in hospitality spaces. Key barriers to implementing RAPs include a lack of awareness and contextual suitability, resource and knowledge limitations, and material and design complexity. This research highlights the benefits of adopting RAPs to promote user well-being in wellness spaces. The findings provide policymakers, design professionals, and relevant stakeholders with a framework for implementing regenerative principles in future hotel developments in Nigeria and other similar contexts. However, this study is not without its limitations, as the scope of the study was limited to three small to medium-scale wellness facilities in Abuja. The limited availability of largescale wellness hotels in Nigeria constrained the selection of case studies. Additionally, the research focused solely on Abuja's wellness facilities, which may not fully reflect regenerative practices in Nigeria's other geographic and socio-economic regions. Future research should be carried out to investigate the adoption of RAPs across varying hospitality facilities in diverse climes and contexts within Nigeria and West Africa. Longitudinal studies are also highly recommended to measure the extended impact of regenerative principles on user well-being over time. Additionally, researchers could delve deeper into the lifecycle assessments of regenerative-focused policy frameworks in hospitality architecture.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF FAULTS IN A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK: A CASE STUDY OF COVENANT UNIVERSITY
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) ECHEMITA, Timothy; Covenant University Dissertation
Electrical faults pose significant challenges to the reliable and safe operation of distribution networks, often causing equipment damage, service interruptions, and reduced protection system effectiveness. This research investigates the impact of faults within the Covenant University distribution network. The objectives were to develop a representative network model, identify potential fault types, and assess their influence on overall system performance. A detailed MATLAB/Simulink model of the distribution network was created, and simulations were conducted for five primary fault types: single line-to-ground, double-line, double-line-to- ground, three-phase, and three-phase-to-ground faults, all under steady-state load conditions. The simulation results demonstrated distinct variations in fault current magnitudes and voltage responses depending on the fault type, with three-phase faults producing the highest currents. These results were compared against the interrupting capacities of protective devices installed in the Chapel, College of Science and Technology (CST), and Electrical and Information Engineering (EIE) powerhouses. The analysis revealed instances where simulated fault currents exceeded device ratings, indicating potential weaknesses in the existing protection scheme. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of simulation-based fault assessment in evaluating protection adequacy and enhancing system resilience. Additionally, the findings provide a reference framework for protection analysis in similar institutional microgrids
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY POLICY AND CITIZENS’ RIGHTS IN NIGERIA (2015-2024)
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) WONOSIKOU, Mohadapwa Hunnoungu; Covenant University Dissertation
Nigeria officially ventured into protecting its cyberspace in 2001 and has enacted its National Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy alongside legislative instruments such as the Cybercrimes Act 2015 and the National Data Protection Regulation 2019, to safeguard more than 103 million Internet users. Nonetheless, ongoing debates highlight that these measures may encroach upon fundamental freedoms, underscoring the complex task of balancing national security with individual rights. This study examined the implications of Nigeria’s National Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy and accompanying legislation on the digital rights of its citizens. Grounded in Buzan and Wæver’s Theory of Securitisation, this exploratory research employed a mixed-methods of data collection. A purposive and snowball sample of fifteen stakeholders, including journalists, activists, lawyers, and cybersecurity experts, participated in semi-structured interviews, complemented by document reviews of key policy texts. Thematic analysis was used to organise and categorise emergent themes systematically. Findings revealed that although the national cybersecurity policy and related laws were intended to strengthen data security, their implementation has expanded state surveillance capacities while eroding substantive privacy protections. Cybersecurity provisions have been instrumentalised to legitimise content removals and platform shutdowns, producing a chilling effect on public discourse. Furthermore, rather than explicit legal prohibitions, citizens primarily confront significant implementation gaps and infrastructural barriers that impede equitable Internet access. By presenting a comprehensive empirical study of Nigeria’s cybersecurity framework in a developing-country context, this research provided a unique insight into the security-privacy nexus and the operationalization of securitising discourse. In response, this study proposed, among other recommendations, harmonising policy with international human-rights standards; establishing a robust, independent oversight mechanism; and mandate transparency; and launching sustained digital-rights awareness. This study concluded that aligning Nigeria’s cybersecurity objectives with rigorous rights protections is essential to safeguarding national security while upholding the digital freedoms of all citizens.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF BIOTRANSFORMED IPOMEA INVOLUCRATA LEAVES
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-09) OLEKA-ARIWODO, Chiamaka Jennifer; Covenant University Dissertation
The need for functional foods has found interest in underutilised leaves with potential health benefits. An underutilised plant, Ipomoea involucrata was used for this study while Amaranthus hybridus served as the control leaves for monitoring the edible status of the experimental leaves. The aim of this research is to assess the quality attributes of Ipomoea involucrata processed with a specific probiotic-aided fermentation into health-beneficial edible vegetable. I. involucrata leaves were collected, dried, and then submerged in LAB fermentation for 0, 24, 72, and 120 hours aseptically. Post fermentation test includes nutrition analyses (including mineral content), pH, antioxidant qualities, enzymatic tests, while vitamins and phytochemicals were determined by HPLC. According to the results, the pH of both plants decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Bacterial counts increased across all fermentation days in both plants. In I. involucrata, nutritional analysis showed a significant increase in carbohydrate and Ash, but a decrease in moisture and crude fiber. FRAP results were maintained, whereas DPPH scavenging capacity and protein content fluctuated across all fermentation days. LDH activity significantly reduced before increasing again, while α-amylase activity generally increased during the 5-day fermentation. In vitamin profiles, By Day 5, vitamin A, vitamin B2 reduced, while an increase in vitamin B9 were noticed. In I. involucrata, vitamin C increased on Day 3, whereas vitamin E initially dropped. According to the phytochemical analysis, rutin, catechin, resveratrol and kaempferol decreased, while the phenolic compounds like epicatechin and ellagic acid increased. Saponins revealed that stevioside increased and ginsenosides fluctuated. Mineral analysis significantly decreased in heavy elements including lead and cadmium. In this study, LAB fermentation improved the phytochemical and nutritional profile of I. involucrata, mainly by enriching bioactive substances, modifying vitamins and enzymes, and reducing toxic metals.
ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES BY NON-MILITARY ACTORS AND NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-08) PETER, Mark Jatau; Covenant University Dissertation
Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) have emerged as a defining feature of guerrilla warfare, increasingly weaponised by non-military actors (NMAs) across Nigeria’s conflict landscape. While considerable scholarly attention has focused on Northeastern Nigeria, the deployment of IEDs by criminal and secessionist groups in Southeast (SE) Nigeria remains under-examined despite its growing strategic, humanitarian and political implications. This study explores the use of IEDs by NMAs in SE Nigeria, focusing on their operational patterns, proliferation networks and implications for national security. Drawing on asymmetric warfare theory and the human security paradigm, the research adopts a qualitative, exploratory design to interrogate the evolving tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) of IED use, the challenges facing Nigeria’s Counter-IED (CIED) architecture and the regional vulnerabilities exacerbated by porous borders. Findings reveal that NMAs exploit transnational IED precursor supply chains, digital platforms, border insecurity and local ingenuity to sustain low-cost, high-impact explosive violence. This violence disrupts military operations at strategic, operational, and tactical levels, while also devastating civilian lives and infrastructure, eroding economic activities and precipitating forced displacement and trauma. The study also highlights the fragmented coordination among security agencies, weak indigenous defence innovation and limited community intelligence networks as significant gaps in Nigeria’s CIED strategy. This research makes a unique contribution by shifting analytical focus to the SE, identifying the convergence between historical marginalisation, tactical adaptation by NMAs and institutional inertia. Policy recommendations include the development of an indigenous CIED doctrine, enhanced interagency collaboration, strengthened border governance and community-based early warning systems. These findings contribute to scholarly and policy discourses on terrorism, national security and hybrid warfare in underexplored landscapes of the Global South, with broader implications for counterterrorism approaches in similarly affected regions. The study concluded that with the elimination of IEDs as a means of guerrilla warfare, innocent lives would be saved and properties preserved in Nigeria.
ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILISATION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-01) OBANOR ENOCH IWINOSA; Covenant University Dissertation
This study evaluates renewable energy adoption across Ogun, Lagos, Edo, and Delta states using a mixed-methods approach. A bibliometric analysis of 424 research publications (2014–2024) revealed that solar energy was the most studied topic (35%), followed by hydropower (25%) and bioenergy (20%). The analysis identified a 32% increase in renewable energy publications since 2019, with 62% of highly cited papers focusing on policy and deployment strategies. Citation mapping indicated that the top 10 research institutions contributed 47% of all renewable energy studies, highlighting the concentration of expertise in specific regions. Survey data from 387 respondents indicated that 68% lacked reliable electricity access, while 78% relied on traditional biomass or fossil fuels. Among respondents, 62% expressed willingness to adopt solar energy if installation costs were reduced by at least 40%. However, only 23% were aware of existing renewable energy policies, and 54% rated government efforts as inadequate. In terms of energy satisfaction, only 9% of respondents rated their current energy sources as highly adequate, while 36% described them as moderate, and 21% rated them as low. The study further analysed energy availability across Nigerian states. Lagos, Ogun, Edo, and Delta states experience an average of 12–18 hours of electricity outages per day, forcing 74% of households to rely on generators as backup power sources despite Nigeria’s solar radiation potential of 3.5–7.0 kWh/m². Alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13 was assessed, revealing that only 19% of publications explicitly addressed energy access and climate change mitigation, while survey results showed that 69% of respondents were unaware of Nigeria’s commitment to SDGs. Projections based on current adoption rates estimate that, if key policy recommendations, energy access in Southern Nigeria could rise from 32% to over 70% by 2035 and fossil fuel dependency could decline by 55%. This research shows that achieving an efficient renewable energy transition requires urgent policy interventions, enhanced financial incentives, and strengthened institutional frameworks.
ASSESSMENT OF THERAPEUTIC ARCHITECTURE STRATEGIES FOR THE DESIGN OF A MEDICAL RESORT FOR PLATEAU STATE GOVERNMENT IN JOS, NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) Agyo, Ladidi Sonia; Covenant University Dissertation
The increasing global demand for healthcare environments that support holistic healing emphasizes the importance of therapeutic architecture in health facility design. However, in Nigeria, especially in Jos, Plateau State, there remains a knowledge gap in application of therapeutic architectural strategies particularly in medical resorts, which are both limited in number and essential for providing holistic healthcare. This study addresses this problem by assessing the extent to which therapeutic architecture strategies are applied in selected healthoriented facilities and explores how these findings can inform the design of a medical resort that enhances user well-being. Therefore, the study aims to assess therapeutic architecture strategies for the design of a medical resort in Jos, plateau state. With the objectives to identify therapeutic features in existing facilities, assess their implementation and evaluate their impact on users perceived well-being. The research utilizes a pragmatic research philosophy and a mixed-method approach. Data was collected through observation guides, questionnaires, and case studies in order too comprehensively gather data within the study area. A total of 300 respondents which included patients, healthcare practitioners, and visitors participated in the study. The research revealed that therapeutic architectural strategies positively impact user perceived well-being. However, the level of application varies significantly across facilities. The study also revealed a high correlation between user satisfaction and the perceived effectiveness of therapeutic architecture strategies indicating that This impact is mediated by user satisfaction with the implementation of these strategies. Challenges identified an inconsistent design quality in the application of therapeutic architecture strategies. Despite these, the research demonstrates that integrating user centered therapeutic design can enhance health outcomes and contribute meaningfully to the health and wellness based sector. The study is limited to three indigenous healthcare facilities and one health resort in Jos, and three foreign case studies. Future research should conduct a longitudinal assessment of the impact of therapeutic environments over time. This study provides practical insights for architects, healthcare planners, and policymakers, contributing to the development of a medical resort that supports wellbeing, comfort, and sustainable health infrastructure in Jos, Plateau State.