Programme: Applied Biology
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://itsupport.cu.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/28776
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Item The Importance of Murine Models in Determining In Vivo Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy in Antimalarial Drug Discovery(Pharmaceuticals (MDPI), 2025-03-18) Adebayo, Glory; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Rottmann, MatthiasNew chemical entities are constantly being investigated towards antimalarial drug discovery, and they require animal models for toxicity and efficacy testing. Murine models show physiological similarities to humans and are therefore indispensable in the search for novel antimalarial drugs. They provide a preclinical basis (following in vitro assessments of newly identified lead compounds) for further assessment in the drug development pipeline. Specific mouse strains, non-humanized and humanized, have successfully been infected with rodent Plasmodium species and the human Plasmodium species, respectively. Infected mice provide a platform for the assessment of treatment options being sought. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluations are necessary when determining the fate of potential antimalarials in addition to the efficacy assessment of these chemical entities. This review describes the role of murine models in the drug development pipeline. It also explains some in vivo pharmacokinetic, safety, and efficacy parameters necessary for making appropriate choices of lead compounds in antimalarial drug discovery. Despite the advantages of murine models in antimalarial drug discovery, certain limitations are also highlighted.Item Unveiling the therapeutic benefits and potentials of Water Hyacinth in promoting a sustainable healthy living: an overview(IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2024) Uamai, I. J.; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Omohinmin, C. A.Water hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) is a notorious aquatic weed with an extraordinary proliferation rate globally, it can grow in different aquatic ecosystem types and varying climatic conditions, outcompete other indigenous plants, and establish to endanger biodiversity, shelter pests, clog fresh waterways, increase evapotranspiration, and hinder waterways traffic; but a little is known about the importance of its wide range of metabolites. The Nigerian health sector is faced with setbacks in meeting its increasing population's basic health (medicine) needs. This situation has led to a call for the exploration of herbal plants as alternatives to synthetic drugs, primarily due to their availability and affordability. Despite the negative impacts of the invasive hydrophyte, water hyacinth, on the economy, ecology, and society, it remains an untapped bioactive resource. Given to the United Nations Development Goal of Good Health and Wellbeing (SDG 3), this review aims to highlight the bioactive components of water hyacinth and their potential for various therapeutic applications in improving human health, instilling a sense of hope for the future. Literatureswere sourced from databases including; Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google, and Google Scholar. Water hyacinth is a natural, easily accessible reservoir of various bioactive compounds comprising those that have been used for therapeutic purposes which include: the treatment of specific fungi and bacteria-related infections, malaria, cancer, ulceration, and malnutrition in various parts of the world. This plant therefore offers a promising sustainable supplementary solution in meeting the health sector's needs.Item Potential impacts of microplastic ingestion: Oxidative stress level in commercial fish from the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria(Preprints, 2025) Akinhanmi, Fadekemi O.; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Dedeke, Gabriel A.The presence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic systems and the tissues of commercially available fish species poses risks and potential impacts on human health. While MPs have been reported in the surface water, benthic sediment, and edible fish species in the Lagos Lagoon, the possible effects of these contaminants on fish species have been lacking. This study aimed at providing vital information on MP contamination in the Lagos lagoon and highlighting the probable effects on the visceral organs of four fish species, Tilapia (Orechromis niloticus, n=16), Silver catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, n=16), African knifefish (Gymnarchus niloticus, n=16) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, n=16). Gill, stomach, and liver of the sample specimen were examined for MP contamination and oxidative stress. MP accumulation in all the fish species differed but was detected in all tissues. The most abundant MP type was fibers (64%), followed by fragments (24%). Polyethylene, polychloroprene, polypropylene, and polystyrene were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Oxidative stress analysis of the fish tissues revealed significantly high antioxidant activities (p ≤ 0.05) and lipid peroxidation levels in the microplastic-contaminated tissues. Although this study highlights the possible effects of microplastics on wild fish species, extensive research is necessary to elucidate the cause-effect relationship of environmentally relevant microplastics on fish tissues to conduct as well as report associated risk assessmentsItem The Importance of Murine Models and Their Resultant In Vivo Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy Assessments for Antimalarial Drug Discovery(Preprints, 2026) Adebayo, Glory; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Rottmann, Matthias; Ajibaye, Olusola; Oduselu, Gbolahan; Mulindwa, Julius; Ajani, Olayinka O.; Aina, Oluwagbemig; Mäser, Pascal; Adebiyi, EzekielNew chemical entities are consistently being investigated in antimalarial drug discovery and they require animal models for toxicity and efficacy testing. Murine models in searching for novel antimalarial drugs are inevitable because they show unique similarities to human physiology during malaria pathogenesis. Therefore, they provide a preclinical basis (following in vitro assessments of newly identified lead compounds) for further assessment in the drug development pipeline. Specific mouse strains, non-humanized and humanized, have successfully been infected with rodent Plasmodium species and the human Plasmodium falciparum respectively. Infected mice provide a platform for the assessment of treatment options being sought. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluations are necessary when determining the fate of new lead compounds in addition to the efficacy assessment of these chemical entities. This review highlights specific murine models important for antimalarial drug discovery and their resultant critical in vivo pharmacokinetic, safety, and efficacy assessments necessary for making appropriate choices of lead compoundsItem The Importance of Murine Models in Determining In Vivo Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy in Antimalarial Drug Discovery(Pharmaceuticals (MDPI), 2025) Adebayo, Glory; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Rottmann, Matthias; Ajibaye, Olusola S.; Oduselu, Gbolahan; Oduselu, Gbolahan; Mulindwa, Julius; Ajani, Olayinka O.; Aina, Oluwagbemiga; Mäser, Pascal; Adebiyi, EzekielNew chemical entities are constantly being investigated towards antimalarial drug discovery, and they require animal models for toxicity and efficacy testing. Murine models show physiological similarities to humans and are therefore indispensable in the search for novel antimalarial drugs. They provide a preclinical basis (following in vitro assessments of newly identified lead compounds) for further assessment in the drug development pipeline. Specific mouse strains, non-humanized and humanized, have successfully been infected with rodent Plasmodium species and the human Plasmodium species, respectively. Infected mice provide a platform for the assessment of treatment options being sought. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluations are necessary when determining the fate of potential antimalarials in addition to the efficacy assessment of these chemical entities. This review describes the role of murine models in the drug development pipeline. It also explains some in vivo pharmacokinetic, safety, and efficacy parameters necessary for making appropriate choices of lead compounds in antimalarial drug discovery. Despite the advantages of murine models in antimalarial drug discovery, certain limitations are also highlighted.Item Marine Greens as Nutritious Healthy Foods(2025) Akinhanmi, Fadekemi O.; Aworunse, Oluwadurotimi S.; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Agiriga, EmmanuelItem Heavy metal and genetic diversity studies in three populations of Snail (Achatina achatina Linnaeus, 1758) from Southwest, Nigeria(Brazilian Journal of Biology,, 2024-07) Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Popoola, J. O.; Inyanga, S.Environmental pollutants may often alter the genetic components of natural populations. In this study, heavy metals and genetic diversity in land snail (Achatina achatina) from three populations of south-western Nigeria were investigated, using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and DNA Sequencing technology respectively. Metal analysis revealed that the snails accumulated lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) in high concentrations in two of the three states, while cadmium (Cd) was the least detected. Editing and alignment of the sequences of all snail accessions generated a range of 384bp to 419 bp. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in all 18 accessions was low at only 16%. The query coverage (QC) ranged between 96% and 100%, with 14 (77.8%) of the 18 accessions showing 100% identity. Pairwise comparison of the accessions studied also showed a high genetic similarity. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) generated two main clusters. Cluster I was unique and contain one sample (AaOy06) while the other cluster are very closely related and can be further subdivided into sub-clusters. The similarity index of between the clusters is 0.5357. The close similarity among the accessions may be due to the geographical proximity of the three states. The uniqueness of accession AaOy06 in comparison to other accessions might be due to the negative influence of heavy metal, particularly lead. The determination of evolutionary relationships among snail populations may be useful towards the breeding efforts of the species in NigeriaItem Microbial Nano-remediation of Microplastics: A review(S. Afr. J. Chem, 2024) Akinhanmi, Fadekemi O.; Ayanda, Opeyemi I.; Dedeke, Gabriel A.Microplastics’ ubiquity in all environmental matrices worldwide, coupled with poor plastic waste management practices, calls for serious health and environmental attention. Microplastics are persistent and slow-degrading contaminants with a high potential to fragment as well as adsorb other contaminants. Along with macroplastic waste reduction methods such as incineration, recycling, landfilling, pyrolysis, and bioremediation approaches novel methods to remove microplastics from the environment are necessary. The multidisciplinary and progressive area of science, nanotechnology, has the potential for diverse applications with engineered nanomaterials that have superior properties over micro-particles because of their size and surface area ratio. The integration of microbial remediation and nanotechnology holds great promise for the nano-remediation of persistent environmental microplastics. Here, we review plastic-degrading microbes (Bacillus sp., Diplococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., Moraxella sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus sp), microbial synthesis of nanoparticles (Zinc oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide and others), and nanoparticle synthesis with plastic-degrading microbes. This article also discusses the mechanism of microbial nano-remediation and microbial interactions with nanomaterials. The advantages, limitations, and prospects of microbial nano-remediation of microplastics are discussed. This review suggests the use of metagenomics to further identify a wider range of organisms for bioremediation of microplastics, while also proposing the use of artificial intelligence for the construction of immobilized microbial nano-enzyme composites for degrading microplastics faster