Programme: Applied Biology
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://itsupport.cu.edu.ng:4000/handle/123456789/28776
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Item Permethrin resistance of Anopheles mosquito species across diverse habitats in rural and urban areas of Ogun and Oyo States, Nigeria(The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, 2026) Oluwaseyi, Temitope Ayinde; Adeogun, Adedapo Olufemi; Orabueze, Ibuchukwu Nkeonyenasoya; Adediran, Adewale Daniel; Oranusi, Solomon UcheBackground Various habitats have been shown to support the breeding of mosquitoes in both urban and rural settings, which has led to an increase in the population of these pathogen-transmitting vectors. Urbanisation has emerged as a key driver of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes primarily due to the increased use of insecticides, which exert selective pressure on the mosquito population leading to the development of resistance. The rise of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, the primary malaria vector, threatens malaria control in Nigeria. Methods This study characterised various Mosquito breeding sites across rural and urban habitats in Ogun and Oyo States, Nigeria, and identified the diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes using morphological keys and PCR techniques. The resistance profile of Anopheles mosquitoes to permethrin was determined using the WHO standard insecticide bioassay. Results Six habitat types were identified among the 120 habitats sampled, with puddles being the most frequently occurring breeding site. Two members of the Anopheles gambiae family were identified as malaria vectors. High knockdown rates (KDT50 & KDT90) were observed in four rural and four urban LGAs in Ogun state and one urban LGA in Oyo state, indicating resistance to permethrin. In contrast, mosquitoes in Akinyele and Ibadan North LGAs were susceptible to permethrin, while those in Oyo East LGA exhibited reduced susceptibility. Conclusion These findings are crucial for understanding the dynamics of insecticide resistance in developing regions and can inform the development of specific targeted vector control strategies aimed at strengthening malaria control programs in Nigeria.Item Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Mosquito-borne Viral Diseases among Residents of Ogun State, Nigeria(Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2025) Oluwaseyi, Temitope Ayinde; Adeogun, Adedapo Olufemi; Oranusi, Solomon UcheMosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue, and chikungunya, pose significant public health challenges, particularly in regions like Ogun State, Nigeria, where ecological and sociodemographic factors facilitate vector proliferation. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to mosquito-borne diseases among Ogun State residents, providing insights to guide targeted interventions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 450 respondents selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices were collected using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and linear regression, was performed using R software to identify associations between demographic factors and KAP indicators. The study population was predominantly young adults (mean age: 25.49 years), with more male participants (65.3%) and a nearly even urban-rural split. While 66.4% of respondents had heard of mosquito-borne diseases, only 34.7% and 36.7% identified Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes as vectors. Preventive practices such as sleeping under mosquito nets (80.8%) were standard, but other measures, including eliminating stagnant water (46.4%) and using insecticides (40.3%), were less prevalent. Attitudes toward diagnostic testing were limited, with most respondents relying on symptomatic recognition rather than confirmatory testing. Significant associations were observed between demographics and KAP indicators. The findings highlight critical gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to mosquito-borne diseases in Ogun State. Targeted health education, improved access to preventive tools, and community engagement are essential to bridging these gaps and reducing the public health burden of mosquito-borne diseases.Item Trichoderma: A Review of its Mechanisms of Action in Plant Sustainable Disease Control(IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1492, 2025) Oyesola, Olusola L.; King, R. T.; Obembe, Olawole O.Trichoderma has been widely studied for its potential as a bioagent for managing plant pathogens. Trichoderma's biological control mechanisms include competition, modification of environmental conditions, antibiosis, induction of plant defensive mechanisms, mycoparasitism, and plant growth promotion. Trichoderma produces diverse metabolites that have antifungal activity. These metabolites include peptaibols, gliotoxin, and trichokonins. Trichoderma also produces β-1,3-glucanases and chitinases that can break down fungal pathogens' cell walls. In addition to direct antagonism against fungal pathogens, Trichoderma can also trigger localised or systemic resistance in plants, which is achieved through the production of elicitors such as chitin oligosaccharides and β-glucans that activate plant defence responses. Trichoderma can also form mutualistic associations with plants. Trichoderma colonises plant roots in these partnerships, enhancing growth by boosting nutrient uptake and triggering systemic resistance. As a biomanagement agent, Trichoderma offers numerous benefits compared to traditional crop protection methods, like synthetic pesticides.Item Cross-Species Transferability of Cowpea SSR Markers to Vigna radiata (L.) (Mung Bean) and Phaseolus lunatus (L.) (Lima Bean)(IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1492, 2025) Obembe, Olawole O.; Ogundipe, Iyanuoluwa; Aworunse, Oluwadurotimi S.; Oyatomi, Olaniyi A.Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) are tandemly repeated sequences of 1-6 nucleotide motifs found in all genomes. They constitute a considerable portion of the noncoding region of eukaryotic genome. The transferability of SSR markers across related species can be leveraged to assess genetic diversity, particularly in crops lacking species-specific DNA markers. Considering the close evolutionary relationships within the legume family, 10 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) SSR markers were screened for their transferability across genomic DNA from 10 accessions each of Mung bean (Vigna radiata) and Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results indicated that 70% of the markers were successfully amplified in Mung bean and 90% in Lima bean, while one specific marker (SSR- 7061) failed to amplify in any of the accessions. DNA markers, SSR-7079, VM-40, VM-54, and VM-74 had an amplification success rate ranging from 70% to 100% across the accessions. On the other hand, SSR-7000 and SSR-7053-2 had 55% and 50% amplification rates, respectively, while SSR-6313, SSR-37, and VM-71 exhibited less than 50% amplification across the accessions. The study generated 21 alleles from these markers, with allele counts per marker ranging from 1 to 3 and an average of 2.10 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content values varied between 0.00 to 0.57 with an average value of 0.32, indicating moderate variability, while gene diversity measurements ranged from 0.16 to 0.64 with an average diversity value of 0.39. Regarding genetic relationships among the accessions, cluster analysis using the unweighted pair group method (UPGMA) revealed two main groups. Factorial analysis divided the accessions into four groups, with TPI-2428, TPI-2432, TVr-46 and TVr-6 forming distinct outliers. This cross-species applicability not only reinforces the conservation of genetic markers among legumes but also underscores the potential for these markers to assist in the breeding and genetic improvement of Mung bean and Lima bean.Item Evaluating Pre-Planting Trichoderma asperellum Application for Bocontrol of Macrophomina phaseolina in Screenhouse-Grown Cowpea(Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2025) Oyesola, Olusola L.; Kinge, Tonjock R.; Kolade, Olufisayo A.; Obembe, Olawole O.Cowpea is recognised for its importance as a food and forage crop for animals. However, Macrophomina phaseolina, a fungus that causes pre-harvest crop loss, affects its production. In this study, Trichoderma was employed as an alternative to synthetic fungicides that negatively impact biodiversity to manage rot disease in cowpea. Three strains of Trichoderma asperellum were isolated from the soil. The spore suspensions of the Trichoderma strains were formulated into seven treatment combinations and applied to the cowpea soil before planting to investigate their biocontrol potential on M. phaseolina and their effects on cowpea biomass. The result showed that Trt3 (54.5417 cm), Trt1 (54.0625 cm) and Trt4 (52.8250 cm) had higher plant height than the negative control (M. phaseolina only (44.9667 cm)). Also, Trt7 (0.5446 cm) and Trt5 (0.5313 cm) had a higher stem girth performance than in the negative control (M. phaseolina only (0.3333 cm)), while Trt7 (24.958), Trt3 (21.417) and Trt6 (20.083) recorded a higher leaf number than in the negative control (M. phaseolina only (8.833)). Zero disease incidence was observed in Trt3 (0%) and Trt7 (0%) upon treatment with the Trichoderma formulations. Zero disease severity was recorded in Trt3 and Trt7 (0%), compared to the negative controls, which displayed 100% disease incidence and severity. The pre-planting Trichoderma application enhanced cowpea biomass and reduced disease incidence and severity compared to the negative control. Therefore, Trichoderma is an effective bioagent for controlling diseases caused by M. phaseolina in cowpea and stimulating its overall performance.Item Comparative Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Synodontis clarias and Tilapia zillii Exposed to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Lekki Lagoon, Nigeria(Harnessing Biotechnology Tools for Product Development, 2025) Isibor, Patrick Omoregie; Akinsanya, BamideleItem Dataset of rolling circle amplification (RCA) enriched metagenome of Cassava obtained through nanopore sequencing(Data in Brief (Elsevier), 2025) Onile-ere, Olabode; Name, PakyendouEstel; Tibiri, Ezechiel Bionimian; Tiendrébéogo, Fidèle; Pita, Justin; Mohammed, Ibrahim Umar; Nkere, Chukwuemeka K.; Oranusi, Solomon; Eni, AngelaThe dataset presented here was obtained by sequencing se- lected historic herbarium cassava samples collected across Nigeria. Total DNA was extracted from the samples using the CTAB method, after which the samples were enriched by Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA) and then sequenced on the MinION. The dataset consists of raw sequencing data in FASTQ format reflecting microbial diversity in cassava leaf samples. Taxonomic classification of the samples using the Kraken2 PlusPFP-16 database revealed 12 kingdoms, 36 phyla, 67 classes, 154 orders, 273 families, 524 genera, and 895 species across the dataset, with a substantial propor- tion (77.9%) of reads remaining unclassified following host removal. The data is beneficial for exploring the microbiome diversity of cassava leaves across Nigeria, as well as serving as a reference for future microbial discovery, given the large number of unidentified reads in the dataset.Item Improved poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production by new strain of Bacillus paramycoides AAR-6(International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Volume 319, 2025-08-03) Akinwumi, Adetutu Ruth; Nwinyi, Obinna Chukwuemeka; Ayeni, Augustine Omoniyi; Olatope, Samuel O.A.; Fadipe, Temitope O.; Mohan, S. VenkataItem Analysis of microbial communities associated with corrosion in low Sulphate/saline oil bearing environment(Science of The Total Environment Volume 986, 2025-07-15) Okoro, Chuma; Ekeng, Effanga; Nwinyi, Obinna Chukwuemeka; Ohanu, Ursula Chidinma; Ali, Margaret; Ohwo, SylvesterItem The impacts of selection pressure on insecticide resistance in malaria vectors – a literature review(Oriental Insects, 2026) Nwinyi, Obinna Chukwuemeka; Farotimi, Oluwayemi E.; Oluwagbemi, Olugbenga O.