College of Leadership and Development Studies

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    Rethinking Democratic Governance in African Politics
    (Rethinking Democratic Governance in African Politics, 2024-01) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Ameh Amodu Salisu
    Good governance and accountability, amongst others, are hallmarks of a democratic system of government, practiced by most African countries. At the inception of democracy in most African nations, political parties were formed according to constitutional laws, and eligible candidates were voted into political office through elections. African politics is majorly marred with the problem of leadership as argued by most scholars and non-scholars alike. Against this backdrop, the lead questions are: Is democracy in Africa progressive or retrogressive? Is leadership the only major problem of African politics? In what practical ways can one ensure good governance in African politics? Thus, this chapter argues that every problem marring African politics is traceable to attitudinal crises, which must be addressed to guarantee and promote good governance in Africa.
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    Cyberbullying and Social Media Implications for African Digital Space
    (Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023-10-11) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
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    The Socio-Economic Effects of Human Trafficking in Nigeria
    (Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research Volume-3 | Issue-8 2018, 2018) Osimen Goddy U.; Okor Pedro; Daudu Basil Osayin; Adeniran Tolulope Abayomi
    Human trafficking is globally recognised as modern day slavery with multifarious negative socioeconomic, legal and health implications. Besides drug trafficking and gun running, human trafficking has become a lucrative business globally and yields an estimate of US $32 million annually. Traffickers trade on human lives; subject them to gory and traumatic experiences in order to make profits. Human trafficking is therefore the worst form of human right violations and gender based violence against female who constitute majority of the victims in the country. Regrettably, Nigeria occupies the ignoble position of a source, transit and destination country for trafficking in the recent times, the scourge has assumed complex dimensions, become more elusive, shrouded in secrecy and with the attendant consequences and implication on the lives in the country. Data from the National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons (NAPTIP) shows that seventy eight percent of victims of human trafficking in Nigeria fall within the age range of 8 – 27 years, children within this age bracket are naturally of school going age. Victims of trafficking miss educational opportunities needed for today’s globalised world. This paper was based on the dynamics of human trafficking in Nigeria, some emerging trends in trafficking, the socio-economic implications, government’s strategies in curbing the menace and possible adoption as good practice.
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    POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND GENDER INEQUALITY IN NIGERIAN FOURTH REPUBLIC
    (Global Journal of Political Science and Administration Vol.6, No.5 2018, 2018-10) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode E. John; Daudu Basil Osayin; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
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    Sustainable Smart Cities in African Digital Space
    (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Sustainable Development, 2024) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Anaiye Esther Besty
    Technology enhances the economic growth and development of a nation, and the 21st century is festooned with advanced technologies that make transactions and communication between government and its citizens, and between countries, easy. The use of technology, therefore, is a defining attribute of smart cities (Cairo, Algiers, Nairobi, Lagos, and Tunis, amongst others) across Africa. The technological impact of these cities has permeated the other aspects of life in the areas of e-government, e-education, e-commerce, e-communication, and eadvertisement, amongst others. With this, citizens also openly access data records and actively participate in public affairs. Despite the ample benefits of the use of technology, some citizens see technology as an avenue to carry out heinous cybercrimes such as fake news, internet fraud, and cyberbullying, amongst others. As such, our lead questions are: What impact do smart cities have on African digital space and the global economy? How best can the challenges confronting smart cities in Africa be dealt with? Where is the place of Africa in the 21st-century technological world? In this chapter, we adopt a qualitative method to bolster our argument that smart cities in Africa have progressed over the years and positively influenced African digital space and beyond. We also argue for generative artificial intelligence as an empowering tool in boosting smart cities in Africa and as a problem-solving tool for the likely challenges of smart governance of which African Luddite attitude towards technology is included.
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    Political Leadership and Humanitarian Crisis: The Aftermath of Rwanda Conflict and the Challenges of Democratic Sustainability in Africa
    (Journal of Somali Studies : Research on Somalia and the Greater Horn of African CountriesVol. 12, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Udoh Oluwakemi D.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Odukoya Jonathan Adedayo; Chidozie Felix C.
    Political leadership and humanitarian crises have had a huge impact on the democratic sustainability of many African states since gaining independence from their colonial masters in the 1960s. Political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability are strongly interconnected as the quality of leadership during a crisis can either strengthen or weaken democratic systems. Good leadership prevents crisis, while bad leadership leads to anarchy, thereby endangering democratic principles and processes. The ideas of political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability unfold in the case of the Rwandan conflict and its aftermath, thereby making the country a case study for the rest of the world. This is well described using the Political Leadership theory in this study. The objectives of the study are to: (i) examine the Rwandan conflict/genocide and Rwanda’s political sphere between 1998 and 2022; (ii) interrogate the role of leadership in the recovery of Rwandans from the humanitarian crisis they faced; (iii) highlight the policies and structural changes made by the government of Rwanda, particularly the reconciliatory and peacebuilding mechanisms initiated in the aftermath of the Conflict; and (iv) examine how political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability have contributed to the current state of affairs in the continent of Africa. Thus, the study adopted a qualitative case study design to evaluate political leadership, humanitarian crises, and the challenges of democratic sustainability in the context of post-genocide Rwanda. The study revealed, among others, that Rwanda’s leadership overcame the humanitarian crisis via leadership quality, indicating that strong institutions, effective leadership, and the rule of law are key to sustaining democracy in African states.
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    Political Exclusion and the Quest for Self-Determination in Southeastern Nigeria
    (African RenaissanceVol. 22, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Chidozie Felix C.
    The Igbo, one of Nigeria’s major ethnic groups have long experienced marginalisation and perceived exclusion from national political leadership. The research adopted the phenomenological research design with data collected from secondary sources via a systematic literature review. The data gathered were analysed, utilizing thematic analysis. Using the relative deprivation theory, this study explores the historical backdrop, socio-political dynamics, and key factors underlying the Igbo people’s perceived political exclusion. The study investigates the motivating factors driving the Igbo people’s quest for self-determination and digs into the techniques used by Igbo socio-political parties such as MASSOB (Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra) and IPOB (Indigenous People of Biafra) to achieve self-determination ranging from peaceful rallies to separatist movements. The study also looks at how the Nigerian government and other stakeholders responded to these demands. Among other things, the study revealed that ethnic sentiment is a problem in Nigeria, and adding to the growing literature on political exclusion and self-determination, the study provides a deeper knowledge of challenges faced by the Igbo and potential paths (nonviolence, dialogue and inclusivity) for addressing their concerns within the Nigerian political structure.
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    Human Trafficking and Personhood: Implications for Africans
    (Combating Human Trafficking, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
    There are many activities people engage in as a means of livelihood, and one such activity is human trafficking, which has become a global concern to humanity as it manifests itself in varied forms such as forced labor, child trafficking, baby factories, prostitution, organ harvesting, and debt bondage, among others. Human traffickers take undue advantage of Africans due to the poor and pathetic state of most African nations. Human traffickers could be Africans or not, colluding with foreign individuals or organizations. Human trafficking, for pro-human traffickers, is a transnational lucrative business, while for anti-human traffickers, it is illegal. As such, our lead questions are: How justifiable are the conflicting viewpoints of pro-human and anti-human traffickers? How justifiable are the actions of human traffickers benefitting at the expense of human value (trafficked victim)? How best can the African government combat this age-long problem of human trafficking? Thus, adopting the analytic method, we argue for the dignity of the African person (Africanness) and endorse “contentment” and “alternative choice” as underlying principles for combating trafficking in human beings
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    Cyberbullying and Social Media
    (Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
    Through the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space
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    Artificial Intelligence, Fintech, and Financial Inclusion in African Digital Space
    (FinTech and Financial Inclusion, 2025) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Abubakar Abdulrasheed Toyin
    The importance of the economy of a nation cannot be over-emphasized, as its technological progress is largely dependent on economic stability. The adoption of 21st-century technology, especially in financial technology, has strengthened the economic sector consisting of artificial intelligence (AI) applications and innovations such as blockchain, virtual cards, mobile payments, smart contracts, and robotic processes. These AI innovations have reshaped commerce by greatly transforming financial transactions among businesses, consumers, and individuals. The African digital sphere is enriched with fintech-driven economic activities enabling financial inclusion, making products and services available and affordable to everyone. Notwithstanding, the presence of cybercriminal activities has become a serious threat to the growth of fintech and financial inclusion across Africa. With a qualitative approach, this chapter examines the extent of economic progress in the adoption of fintech and financial inclusion in Africa and their impact on the continent alongside pragmatic means of mitigating cyber threats. This chapter, therefore, positions AI as a facilitator and problem-solving tool in advancing fintech and financial inclusion within the African digital sphere.