College of Leadership and Development Studies

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End date: 2022

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    Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and Political Corruption in Nigeria (2007 - 2015)
    (International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 6 Issue 10, 2022-10) Osuchukwu, Nkechi Cynthia; Nwumeh, Uchenna Juliana; Okonkwo, Juliet Ogonna; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike
    Corruption today is still a deadly disease in Nigeria, as it is responsible for the collapse of social, economic and political sectors in Nigerian, as many Nigerians are yet to be free from it. Prior to this problem, the study assesses Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and Political Corruption in Nigeria from 2007 to 2015. The study adopted Structural-Functional theory as it was further developed by Gabriel Almond and Powell in 1966. Qualitative descriptive method of data analysis was adopted. Secondary sources of data collection were adopted. The study finds out that, corruption is multifaceted in Nigeria which has created a lot of negative impact and has hindered development process in the country. The study therefore, recommends amongst others that EFCC and other anti-corruption agencies should be empowered and granted absolute autonomy to handle cases relating to economic and political corruption i.e. EFCC should be given a free hand in the discharge of its duties by not interfering in its duties, there should also be comprehensive administrative reform and good governance, including public accountability, to guarantee that people are held accountable for their actions as a deterrent to corrupt activities, among other things.
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    Causes and Implications of Religious Conflicts in Nigeria’s Political System
    (International Journal of Finance and Management in Practice, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2017-06) Uwadi, M. E.; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike; Nwaonu, K. C
    The aim of this work is to identify the causes and implications of religious conflicts in Nigeria’s political system as well as proffer strategies to avoid future occurrence. This study adopts the survey research design. The population of the study comprises all Christians and Moslems living in Zaria, Kaduna State in Nigeria. Personal observations and questionnaire were the major means of data collection. Out of the 65 copies of questionnaire engaged in the study, only 56 copies were retrieved and used for the analysis. To achieve the aim of the study, two research hypotheses were formulated. While data collected for the study were presented on tables and responses taking the form of a five point likert scale, the hypotheses were tested using one way analysis of variance. Major findings of the study reveal that the causes of religious conflicts in Nigeria include failure to move with change, conflicting doctrines, methods of conversion, utterances of religious leaders, and clothing of political objectives with religion, among others. The implications of religious conflict as reveal by the study include creation of mistrust among federating units, low productivity, job insecurity, migration, over population. Based on the foregoing, it is proposed that the issue of religious conflicting doctrines should be addressed by religious bodies who should meet on regular bases. Also, government should respond quickly to curtail conflicts and should not ignore any act that might cause conflict
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    Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: Elite Theory Explanation
    (Editura Universitară Danubius, 2020) Musa David; Ibietan Jide; Deinde-Adedeji Oluwatimilehin
    The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of political parties on democratic consolidation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic (2010 -2019). Political parties are the engine room of democratic societies and without them; there will be no genuine democracy. The Fourth Republic in Nigeria witnessed revitalized activities of political parties after military interregnum. Democratic consolidation largely depends on the character and conduct of the country’s political parties, and the paper interrogates the extent to which they have shaped or stagnated democracy. This study adopts elite theory as framework, and was predicated on historical design. Data gathered were textually analyzed. With a reliance on secondary data such as books, journals and internet materials, the interplay between political parties and democratic consolidation was x-rayed. The challenges to democratic consolidation in the period of study (absence of well-institutionalized political parties, godfatherism, and lack of internal democracy) are observable. This research recommends the overhauling of political parties in order to correct the current state of party politics and democratic practice.
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    Interrogating the Sources of International law vis-à-vis Municipal law in the drive towards socio-politico sustainability of Glocalisation
    (African Renaissance Vol. 2022, 2022) Folorunso Gideon Ibukuntomiwa; Ayodele Olaniyi Trust; Deinde-Adedeji Oluwatimilehin
    Glocalisation is a portmanteau of the global and the local, hence, a relationship must be forged in law. The sustenance of the glocal is important, but the institution that can guarantee this sustenance is the rule of law and constitutionality. This paper interrogates the sources of the laws that govern the global and the local and their involvement in the socio-political sustenance of glocalisation. This paper collected data from secondary sources and adopted a descriptive research design. It is important to have a rethink, remodel and reform on traditional diplomacy to encompass a sustainable diplomatic effort of state and non-state actors to achieve peacebuilding, social and economic development, and fight poverty and social exclusion expressively and intricately. Resource management is critical to achieving sustainability. Even though the principles of transparency and accountability are excruciatingly difficult to implement, the need to practice internal monitoring is germane, and so is identifying the tools to check transparency and efficiency in fund management.
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    Herdsmen and Farmers Conflict in Nigeria: A Threat to Peace-building and National Security in West Africa
    (Journal of Social Science and Humanit ies Research, 2019) Osimen Goddy U.; Edokpa Fadal Mary; Oluwatobi Daramola I.
    One of the recurrent security challenges that confront many states in the country is the scourge of Fulani herdsmen. The attacks by the herdsmen on the sedentary communities have being increasing with each passing day. Much has been written on farmers and Fulani herdsmen conflict in Nigeria. The menace posed in the different communities they migrate to for purposes of grazing their cattle is becoming very alarming. They are more and more constituting major security challenges to their host communities. The propensity towards engaging the land and farm owners of the sites they graze their cattle is increasing by the day as they update their arsenal with highly sophisticated weapons. This is the prevalent security challenge in some communities and states in Nigeria. There have been escalations of reported attacks by Fulani herdsmen who brutally kill natives of the invaded farming communities including women and children in various states across the country. Worst affected states include Benue, Nassarawa, Plateau, Taraba, Kaduna, Adamawa, Zamfara, Oyo, Imo, Cross-River and Enugu. There are recurrent clashes of interests between the host farming communities and the nomadic cattle herders. The major causes by our findings revealed that; Destruction of crops by the cattle, Contamination of stream by cattle, disregard for traditional authority, Over-grazing of fallow land, sexual harassment of women by nomads, Harassment of nomads by host youths, Indiscriminate defecation on roads, theft of cattle , stray cattle, and indiscriminate bush burning. The study also observed that there is no resource sustainability in Nigeria hence; it is difficult for the majority of its citizens who require land for farming and grazing to have access to land. And this is one of the major causes of conflict between the parties. The paper therefore, recommended that the problem can be minimized through extension agency intervention to identify stakeholders and development trust between the disputants using the mechanism tagged ―local development plans (LDP) which is community initiated process to reduce tension over access and the use of land and effective participation in decision-making and economic activities in the communities and among others.
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    ONE NATION UNDER SIEGE? BOKO HARAM AND THE NIGER DELTA AVENGERS PHENOMENA IN NIGERIA
    (NOUN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEACE STUDIES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION VOL. 1, NO. 2 9(B), 2021-08) AGARA Tunde; Osimen Goddy U.
    Violent conflict within multi-ethnic and multi-religious countries is almost as given, although not all multi-ethnic or multi-religious societies are violent. The gamut of those riddled with violent conflict ranges from Yugoslavia and USSR to Northern Ireland and the Basque country, from Rwanda to Darfur, and Indonesia to Fiji. Numerous bitter and deadly conflicts have been fought along ethnic and religious lines. Nigeria is only such country today, fighting for its survival at two fronts or against two incompatible oppositions at the same time. This has heightened the state and nature of insecurity in the country. Using social movements and protracted social conflict as theoretical frameworks, this paper seeks to argue along the trajectory that Nigeria is presently experiencing two types of terrorist insurgency – political (Avengers) and religious (Boko Haram). The paper’s main argument flows from the fact that people see themselves in many different ways that constitute a form of identity which can be fluid, short-lived and insignificant or more permanent and more significant personally and socially. However, the importance which people ascribe to different aspects of their identity varies according to context and over time, but where violent conflicts are mobilised and organised by identity, such identities must be sufficiently important enough to make people prepared to fight, kill and even die in the name of that identity. The escalation of the politics of identity leading to a somewhat permanent state of insecurity makes the paper to wonder whether the Nigerian state may survive this bombardments and assault on its security and political stability.
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    The Role of ECOWAS in the Fight against the Proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons in West-Africa Sub-Region
    (International Journal of Political Science Volume 6, Issue 4, 2020) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode John E.; Adi Isaac
    The conflict-ridden West African sub-region is a showcase of uncontrolled SALW proliferation. Vast quantities of arms have flooded the region despite their rampant misuse by state and non-state actors alike. The widespread availability of small arms to abusive actors poses a threat of unprecedented magnitude to West Africa, far greater than that of HIV/AIDS or Covid-19 in terms of its socio-economic and human consequences. Because of this proliferation, the fabric of the sub-region itself is rapidly changing, moving toward self-destruction. It is on this backdrop the paper examined the role of ECOWAS and its Convention in the Fight against SALW proliferation in the West Africa sub region. The paper revealed that, there are over one hundred million illicit SALW in West Africa, which has continue to fuel countless armed conflict in the sub region despite the un-relented efforts of ECOWAS to eradicate the menace in the sub region. The paper further revealed that ECOWAS Convention which seeks to combat the excessive and destabilizing accumulation of SALW within the sub region is nothing but a mirage as a result of weak national controls and lack of international cooperation on arms control that have led to the proliferation of these weapons on illicit markets. It was discovered that, the greatest barrier to resolving debates over gun policy in the sub region is the lack of comprehensive data and political will among the states. Hence, it concludes that, reducing SALW and the illicit transfer of weapons to combatants, criminals, and terrorists will require a fresh strategic approach with more defined objectives and greater commonality among the member states within the sub region. While the illicit proliferation of SALW presents one of the gravest security threats in modern times in the sub region, norms and frameworks, through ECOWAS such as the Programme of Action to regulate and prohibit the transfer, manufacture and possession of small arms and light weapons among unauthorized persons/organization will be welcome development but, such measures must be promoted through transparency, cooperation and exchange of information among member states.
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    RETHINKING PEACE, SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
    (International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 01, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; RUFUS AISEDION
    There is growing recognition that peace and security are fundamental for socio-political and economic development of any country in the world. Yet Violent conflicts, whether social, political, or environmental, has significantly contributed to the crisis of sustainable development and security challenges in terms of loss of human and material resources. This paper has therefore, examined the nature of peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. The study adopts a combination of theories like; the clash of civilization theory, the frustration-aggression theory, state fragility and failed state theory. Qualitative method, such as textbooks, journal articles, internet, among others was used as sources of data collection. The work was descriptively analyzed through the content of the information gathered. The paper explores various dimensions of the social, political, economic and other conditions that have over the years affected the indices for measuring peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper revealed some of the symptoms that have truncated the “God given” peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria, which includes; corruption, unemployment, Weak institutional system, structural imbalance, human trafficking, bad leadership, among others. The paper concluded with some useful policies recommendations regarding the way forward therein and most importantly, called for the need by the Nigeria government to learn from history, as attempts been made to tackle the challenges currently upsetting the attainment of sustainable peace, security and development in the country.
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    Nigeria-China Economic Relations: Matters Arising
    (Global Journal of Political Science and Administration Vol.10, No.3, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Micah Ezekiel Elton Mike
    Nigeria's bilateral relation with China has been in place over a decade after Nigeria gained independence from the British realm. The Relationship has expanded both growing bilateral trade and strategic cooperation. It is within this basis that the Nigeria-China relations were examined focusing on the issues, challenges and prospects. Secondary method of data collection was employed for this study and the data were analysed qualitatively. The study revealed among others that Nigeria foreign trade policy has been inconsistent with economic relations with China. The paper also revealed unbalance of trade between the two nation states; the term of trade between the two countries shows that Nigeria’s import is greater than her export hence; China has gained more than Nigeria in the long run especially in the area of oil exploration and exploitation. The unwillingness of Chinese government to fulfil its part of agreement to transfer technology to Nigeria was also revealed. The paper therefore concluded that since the relation between Nigeria and China is asymmetrical and lopsided one, it will be difficult for Nigerian government to solve the country’s problem together with her national debt to China if measures are not put in place. Hence, it’s recommended that Nigerian government should reform her system of trade towards China which will not only boost her technological advancement but her negotiation capacity to maximise more benefits in the country’s economic relation with China. Most importantly, Nigerian government must adhere to her foreign trade policy in future dealings with China.
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    QUALITY INSTRUCTION IN ENTREPRENEURISM: NIGERIA OFFERS OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUTH ADVANCEMENT, JOB CREATION, AND POVERTY REDUCTION
    (INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF INFINITE INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Volume09 Issue11, 2022-11) Osimen Goddy U.
    Quality and quantity issues pose a serious threat to Nigeria's implementation of entrepreneurial education, placing African nations further apart from developed nations like Japan, the United States of America, and Great Britain. Poverty, unemployment, and quality and quantity of entrepreneurial education were all discussed in this paper. It also looked at how to reduce poverty and promote advancement in Nigeria by providing access to high-quality entrepreneurial education. The paper came to the conclusion that Nigeria ought to direct resources toward the promotion of inclusive growth. This will make it possible for young entrepreneurs in Nigeria to contribute to the country's economic growth and advancement while also benefiting from it.