Re-Evaluation of Yam Mosaic Virus (YMV) Detection Methods
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Accurate and timely detection is vital for mitigation of tuber yield losses resulting from yam mosaic
virus (YMV) infection on yam, a major food security crop in West Africa. The observation, from our previous
studies, that the triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), the most
commonly used detection method for YMV, detected the virus in significantly less leaf samples than
immunocapture reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) necessitated a re-evaluation of
YMV detection methods. In the present study, eighteen previously tested YMV positive leaf samples from
Benin and Ghana were re-tested using TAS-ELISA, Protein A-sandwich (PAS) ELISA and IC-RT-PCR. Three
sap dilutions, 1/10, 1/50 and 1/100, were tested for each sample. Both at 1/10 and 1/50 dilutions, PAS-ELISA
and IC-RT-PCR detected YMV in 11 (61.1%) and 12 (66.7%) of the leaves respectively. Virus detection by
PAS-ELISA reduced to 50% at 1/100 sap dilution and increased to 77.8% in IC-RT-PCR. YMV detection by
TAS-ELISA varied between 38.9% and 16.7% at 1/10 and 1/100 dilutions respectively. These results indicate
a deficiency in the use of TAS-ELISA as a sole YMV certification method since the detecting monoclonal
antibody used in this assay may be strain specific. The use of PAS-ELISA at a 1/10 sap dilution is suggested
for YMV detection where the facilities for molecular detection are unavailable
Keywords
QR Microbiology