Groundwater occurrence and flow in varying geological formations
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IOP Publishing Ltd
Abstract
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Groundwater includes water that is formed within the unsaturated zone (soil), above the water
table (capillary fringe) and below the water table. Its occurrence is everywhere, and it is restricted to a
maximum of 750 m depth in the near surface. Groundwater availability within the subsurface formation has
become a primary concern to the geoscientists because the dependency of surface water has been limited and
declined due to it inadequate yield during the period of a year and also the surface contaminant which affect
its quality and potential. The investigation of groundwater in the near surface has been a major principal
discovery which has served both the domestic, commercial, agricultural and industrial purposes and to
understand the continuity of groundwater availability within the subsurface, a study on occurrence and flow
of groundwater is highly significant. Understanding the flow pattern is a major constituent in productive
groundwater exploitation and exploration. Therefore, this review has been design to place emphasis on the
occurrence and flow of groundwater in the near surface, which is one of the agenda of the Sustainable
Development Goals.
Keywords
QC Physics