Phytochemical and Proximate Analysis of Foliage and Seed of Bixa orellana Linn
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Global Research
Abstract
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The phytochemical and proximate evaluation of the foliage and seed of Bixa orellana for useful bioactive contents was determined
in this study. Phytochemicals and crude contents profiles from aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant showed tannins,
flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, phenols and saponins. Quantitatively, 21.89 g, flavonoids; 31.86 g, glycosides;
11.11 tannins; 121.89 phenols was recorded for the leaf and 8.86 g, flavonoids; 93.22 g, glycosides; 44.79 tannins; 82.99 phenols
and 10.11 g, saponins for seed. Proximate analysis showed 6.13±0.05 %, moisture; 4.5±0.36 %, ash; 10.40±0.25 %, crude fats;
52.80±0.5 %, crude fibre; 4.24±0.02 %, protein and 21.85±0.00 % carbohydrate for leaf and 4.89±0.19 %, moisture; 5.62±0.12 %,
ash; 7.20±0.07 % , crude fats; 53.31±0.07 %, crude fibre; 12.55±0.28 %, protein and 16.26±0.39 %, carbohydrate content for seed.
The high amount of phenolic compounds recorded indicates that Bixa orellana possess high antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and
antimalarial potentials. The leaves showed significantly higher moisture, flavonoids, phenols and saponins content; hence to ensure
sustainable management of the plant resources, the leaves should be the primary target of any phytochemicals extraction activities
for B. orellana.
Keywords
QK Botany