Programme: Industrial Chemistry

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Here you will find works strictly related to Industrial Chemistry.

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Start date: 2020End date: 2025

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    Whole-exome sequencing of Nigerian benign prostatic hyperplasia reveals increased alterations in apoptotic pathways
    (The Prostate April 2024 Vol 84 No. 5, 2024-01-04) Kaninjing, Ernest T.; Adeniji, Kayode A.; Jibrin, Paul; Obafunwa, John O.; Path, FMC; Path, FRC; Ogo, Chidiebere N.; Mohammed, Faruk; Popoola, Ademola; Fatiregun, Omolara A.; Oluwole, Olabode P.; Thorpe, Roland J.; Karanam, Balasubramanyam; Elhussin, Isra; Ambs, Stefan; Tang, Wei; Davis, Melissa; Polak, Paz; Campbell, Moray J.; Brignole, Kathryn R.; Rotimi, Solomon O.; Dean-Colomb, Windy; Odedina, Folake T.; Yates, Clayton
    Background Through whole-exome sequencing of 60 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded Nigerian (NGRn) benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples, we identified germline and somatic alterations in apoptotic pathways impacting BPH development and progression. Prostate enlargement is a common occurrence in male aging; however, this enlargement can lead to lower urinary tract symptoms that negatively impact quality of life. This impact is disproportionately present in men of African ancestry. BPH pathophysiology is poorly understood and studies examining non-European populations are lacking. Methods In this study, NGRn BPH, normal prostate, and prostate cancer (PCa) tumor samples were sequenced and compared to characterize genetic alterations in NGRn BPH. Results Two hundred and two nonbenign, ClinVar-annotated germline variants were present in NGRn BPH samples. Six genes [BRCA1 (92%), HSD3B1 (85%), TP53 (37%), PMS2 (23%), BARD1 (20%), and BRCA2 (17%)] were altered in at least 10% of samples; however, compared to NGRn normal and tumor, the frequency of alterations in BPH samples showed no significant differences at the gene or variant level. BRCA2_rs11571831 and TP53_rs1042522 germline alterations had a statistically significant co-occurrence interaction in BPH samples. In at least two BPH samples, 173 genes harbored somatic variants known to be clinically actionable. Three genes (COL18A1, KIF16B, and LRP1) showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher frequency in BPH. NGRn BPH also had five gene pairs (PKD1/KIAA0100, PKHD1/PKD1, DNAH9/LRP1B, NWD1/DCHS2, and TCERG1/LMTK2) with statistically significant co-occurring interactions. Two hundred and seventynine genes contained novel somatic variants in NGRn BPH. Three genes (CABP1, FKBP1C, and RP11-595B24.2) had a statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher alteration frequency in NGRn BPH and three were significantly higher in NGRn tumor (CACNA1A, DMKN, and CACNA2D2). Pairwise Fisher's exact tests showed 14 gene pairs with statistically significant (p < 0.05) interactions and four interactions approaching significance (p < 0.10). Mutational patterns in NGRn BPH were similar to COSMIC (Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) signatures associated with aging and dysfunctional DNA damage repair. Conclusions NGRn BPH contained significant germline alteration interactions (BRCA2_rs11571831 and TP53_rs1042522) and increased somatic alteration frequencies
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    VAPOUR GENERATION CHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR DETERMINATION OF DIMETHYLSULPHONIOPROPIONATE AND DIMETHYLSULPHIDE IN TROPICAL SEAWATER
    (Rasayan J. Chem., 13(1), 44-50(2020), 2020) Adedapo, A. E.; Benson, N. U.; Williams, A. B.,; Toda, K.
    The vapour generation – chemiluminescence (VG-CL) detection system that was designed for this research was used for the measurement of dimethylsulphide (DMS) and its precursor dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP). The present study attempted the development of a highly sensitive, portable and cost-effective detection system based on vapour generation and chemiluminescence for a pilot assessment and determination of DMSP and DMS concentrations in the Gulf of Guinea. The Elegushi Beach and Nigerian Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR) which are parts of the Atlantic Ocean were chosen as designated locations for this study. The average concentrations of DMSP and DMS in the surface seawater at the two locations ranged from 12.4 ± 0.2 to 26.5 ± 0.5 nM, 2.1± 0.0 to 40.9 ± 1.6 nM and 9.7 ± 0.4 to 44.9 ± 0.2 nM, 0 to 35.6 ± 2.3 nM, respectively. This study serves as a baseline measurement of the concentrations of DMS and DMSP in the tropical Atlantic Ocean (Lagos).
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    The Recycling of Sawdust Waste into Particleboard Using Starch- Based Modified Adhesive
    (Communication in Physical Sciences, 6(1), 2020) Umoh, Emmanuel Michael; Sam, Edidiong Sunday
    The challenges associated with the management of wastes from the cassava processing and timber industries necessitated an investigation into the possibility of implementing recycling approach to produced particle board from these wastes. Particleboards were produced from wood saw dust using various compositions of modified starch adhesives. The product obtained were evaluated for density, moisture content, hardness, flexural strength, water absorption and thickness swelling. The results obtained indicated that the density ranged from 753 to 798 kg/m3, moisture content ranged from 14.87 to 16.67 %, hardness ranged from 9.02 to 9.31 N/nm2, flexural strength ranged from 1.31 to 1.45 MPa, water absorption capacity at 24 h ranged from 1.06 to 9.31 %, thickness swelling ranged from 4.55 to 4.78%. The products were in conformity with IS 3087 (2005) and ANSI A 208.1 (1993) standards and could go for medium density particleboard.
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    Stable carbon isotope and n‑alkane distributions in sediment cores from saline and freshwater Gabu lakes, southeast Nigeria: environmental implications
    (Environmental Earth Sciences, 2023) Oyo‑Ita, Inyang O.; Sam, Edidiong S.; Oyo‑Ita, Orok E.; Arnold, Elliott T.; Inyang, David O.; Werne, Josef P.
    Studies on the utilization of molecular and isotopic proxies for the characterization of organic matter (OM) sources and environmental conditions in lakes have been well-documented globally. Nevertheless, inland lacustrine salt basins remain less well-studied, particularly in tropical sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we quantified OM sources and evaluated the effects of salt deposit and barite mining on the distribution of n -alkanes in saline and freshwater Gabu lakes sediment cores, southeast Nigeria using elemental, bulk carbon isotope ratios and biomarker distributions. Our results indicate a system inundated with comparable proportions of vascular plant leaf waxes (mean = 56.6%) and submerged/floating macrophytes (mean = 41.1%) with minor contribution from algae/photosynthetic bacteria (mean = 2.3%). The scenario indicates a shallow water system that predominantly preserved long chain n-alkanes derived from vascular plant leaf waxes and macrophytes. The capacity of macrophyte to biosynthesize long chain n-alkanes most likely reflects adaptation of these organisms to partial exposure to the atmosphere. The occurrence in moderate abundance of C17 and C19 n-alkanes and the near absence of other low molecular weight (LMW) n-alkanes in the saline lake was linked to the effect of salt stress. The absence of LMW n-alkanes in freshwater lake may be associated with slow barite hydrolysis likely to cause acidification. Our results have demonstrated that long chain n -alkanes of terrestrial and submerged/floating macrophyte origins are better preserved under conditions of low salinity and acidification in inland shallow lakes than those derived from algae/bacteria
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    Nutritional Indices, Phytochemistry, and the In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Carrot Fortified Tomato Concentrate
    (Wiley Journal of Food Quality, 2024) Ademosun, Olabisi Theresa; Adebayo, Abiodun Humphrey; Ajanaku, Kolawole Oluseyi
    Researchers are constantly looking at the development of functional foods from local materials that o.er both nutritional and therapeutic potentials. e study investigated the proximate composition, antioxidant capacity, and phytochemical pro0le of di.erent compositions of formulations produced from tomato and carrot. e plant materials were sourced locally, dried to a uniform weight, and milled using a mechanical blender. Nutritional indices, viz., proximate analysis, were analyzed using a standard protocol. e phytocompounds present in the formulations and their in vitro antioxidant activities were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods. e results for proximate composition showed low moisture content in formulations (0.44 ± 0.015–0.54 ± 0.021%). e protein content of the formulations (16.51 ± 0.217–17.94 ± 0.134%) was signi0cantly higher than that of carrot alone (8.41 ± 0.154%). Similarly, the crude fat was elevated in the formulations (0.31 ± 0.008–1.63 ± 0.017%) compared to tomato alone (0.10 ± 0.399). However, these values were lower than the values obtained for carrot alone (8.72 ± 0.009%). e energy value for the formulations ranged from 87.01 to 93.30 kcal, which was low compared to carrot alone (136.89 kcal). Phytochemical screening showed the presence of terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenols,
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    Complexes of SCN and dithiol ligands for solvothermal green synthesis of high indexed binary PbS and SnS semiconductor nanoparticles
    (Journal of the Indian Chemical Society Volume 102, Issue 6,, 2025-06) Adekoya, Joseph Adeyemi; Oyeku, Pelumi Olusola; Edidiong, Sunday Sam; Adeniyi, Adeleke Ayoola; Almalki, Abdulraheem S. A; Mersal, Gaber A.M.; Ibrahim, Mohamed M.; Revaprasadu, Neerish
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    A censorious appraisal of the oil well acidizing corrosion inhibitors
    (Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 215, 2022) Solomon, Moses M.; Uzoma, Ifeanyi E.; Olugbuyiro, Joseph A.O.; Ademosun, Olabisi T.
    Well acidizing is a common stimulation technique for maximizing the output of oil reservoirs. It helps to overcome the low permeability of wellbore by creating new flow channels or enlarging old ones. Corrosion challenge is encountered during the process since tubings are metallic. Corrosion inhibitors are the defence mechanism used in mitigating corrosion problem during acidizing. This review has identified and grouped acidizing corrosion inhibitors into organic-, and polymer-based. The performance of these inhibitors at temperatures of ≥60 ◦C and acid concentration of ≥15 wt% is considered. It is noted that greater percentage of studies revolve round the 60 ◦C. Above 100 ◦C, the number of scientific articles decreased considerably. Four classes of intensifiers for acidizing corrosion inhibitors have been identified: formic acid, potassium iodide, copper iodide, and antimony chloride. Their chemistries have been discussed. The research gaps identified include (i) scanty information on acidizing inhibitors at temperatures ≥150 ◦C, (ii) limited information on natural polymers and plant biomaterials as acidizing inhibitors, (iii) scanty information on the mechanism of inhibition at temperatures ≥150 ◦C, and (v) limited information on the composition of corrosion products under acidizing conditions. Thus, recommendations for future researches have been given.
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    Photocatalytic Activity of Green Mixed Matrix Membranes for Degradation of Anionic Dye
    (Green Chemistry for Sustainable Water Purification, 2022-12-27) Oladipo, Gabriel Opeoluwa; Alayande, Samson Oluwagbemiga; Ogunyinka, Opeyemi O; Akinsiku, Anuoluwa Abimbola; Akinsipo-Oyelaja, Oyesolape Basirat; Ofudje, Edwin Andrew; Bolarinwa, Hakeem S.; Akinlabi, Akinola Kehinde; Msagati, Titus. A.M.
    Anionic dye is a notable constituent of textile effluent, which renders water unsafe for human and animal use. A notable approach to mitigating effluent is the use of membranes. In this study, a mixed matrix technique was adopted for the preparation of composite membranes. The composite membranes consist of crumb rubber filled with nanoparticles, respectively. The membranes were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray, thermogravimetric analyser, and drop shape analyzer. The photocatalytic activities of the mixed matrix membranes were investigated with anionic dye in the UV/visible region. Photocatalytic activity of composite membranes showed high degradation with an apparent rate constant. This study presents a rubber-based membrane for wastewater treatment.
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    Interaction of black carbon surface mass with meteorological variables and spatial pattern across the 36 states of tropical Nigeria
    (Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment Volume 35, 2024-08) Etchie, Ayotunde Titilayo
    Black carbon (BC) has been linked to cardio-pulmonary diseases and lung cancer. It is also the second largest contributor to climate change, after carbon dioxide (CO2 ), Effective mitigation of BC is of much benefits, but it requires detailed knowledge of its spatial distribution, as well as the influence of local meteorology on the spread of the pollutant. Many countries in sub-Sahara Africa including Nigeria, lack data on BC level. There is also limited information on meteorological impact on BC spatial distribution. This study therefore assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of BC across the 36 states of Nigeria and the influence of meteorology on the pollutant spread. Data on BC surface mass (BCMASS) and seven meteorological variables (air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, wind speed, planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), atmospheric pressure and wind direction) were obtained from Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research (MERRA-2). Spatial distribution of BCSMASS across 36 states of Nigeria, and interaction with meteorology was studied using correlation analyses, Bayesian ridge regression with marginal maximum likelihood estimation, and a Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. There was significant (p < 0.05) variation in BCSMASS across the states. The meteorological variables, except wind direction, significantly influenced BCSMASS and they accounted for 63% of the variation. Five-day backward trajectory modelled for each month of the year revealed that northern Nigeria is majorly under the influence of the dry and dusty tropical continental wind, and this could partially account for the lower BCSMASS concentration in the region, compared to southern Nigeria. Based on population-weighted exposure, states in southern Nigeria, especially the south-eastern part, should be prioritized in planning mitigation, for effective climate action.
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    COVID lockdowns significantly affect statewide atmospheric fine aerosols in India after excluding long-term pollution patterns and time-lag effect
    (Atmospheric Environment Volume 343, 2025-02-15) Etchie, Tunde O.; Etchie, Ayotunde T.; Pinker, Rachel T.; Kumar, Prashant; Swaminathan, Nedunchezhian
    Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5 , near-surface concentrations when size is ≤ 2.5 μm) affects global climate and human health. India alone accounts for a quarter of the global PM2.5-related health burden. Studies in India, mostly in urban areas, have reported significant declines in PM2.5 concentrations because of COVID-19 lockdown. These studies did not consider the long-term PM2.5 patterns and time-lag effect (inter yearly variations in PM2.5 concentrations carried forward from one period to another due to interannual shifts in meteorological conditions). Since the studies focused primarily on urban areas, not covering rural/remote areas where pollution may rise during lockdown, it is still unclear what impact lockdown had on statewide pollution levels in (AODf India. Here, we examine whether significant changes in fine-mode aerosol optical depth : columnar PM2.5 ) occurred statewide across India because of lockdown after excluding the confounding variables. We found a substantial decrease in AODf in a few (28%) states/territories. The declines were significant (ANCOVA; α = 0.05) in some Northeastern states/territories: Sikkim (29%), Arunachal Pradesh (24%), Nagaland (5%), Mizoram (4%) and Uttarakhand (3%). However, in most states/territories, AODf increased significantly because of lockdown. The lockdown-associated hardship caused more people to rely on polluting cooking fuels, thereby increasing residential emissions, particularly in rural areas. At city-level, we found significant reductions in near-surface PM2.5 concentrations due to lockdown. These declines were comparable or greater than previously reported. Also, there were significant reductions in AODf (PM2.5 concentrations) at state (city) levels resulting from previous environmental intervention measures. If not accounted, previous environmental intervention measures can significantly bias lockdown effect estimates in India.