Programme: Policy and Strategic Studies

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Political Restructuring, Federalism and Democratic Sustainability in Nigeria
(Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development Vol.9, No.21, 2018) Osimen Goddy U.; Aghemelo Austine Thomas; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
Nigeria has undergone a long process of restructuring in terms of the number of geo-political administrative areas called states or regions constituting the country. This process is popularly referred to as “state creation”, that is the process whereby new geo-political units/constituents known as “states” in most federations are created out of existing or old ones. The outcome of this process is usually an increase in the number of states constituting the Nigerian federation. Nigeria is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world with well over 250 ethno linguistic groups, some of which are bigger than many independent states of contemporary Africa. The Nigerian federalism is a creation of the British. Before the arrival of British colonialists, the area now known as Nigeria was inhabited by peoples who belonged to different Empires, kingdoms and societies, which were traditionally administered. The arrival of British and other European explorers, merchants and religious missionaries introduced slave trade and conflicts and then consequently bringing a new system of governance that executed the organized and transparent institutions and governments that had existed before the balkanization of Africa. This suggests that the formation, evolutionary process and unification of Nigerian political and administrative systems did not represent the interest and aspirations of the natives or ethnic groups. The early pre-independence constitutional development is an example of this misrepresentation of the native consent on what type of system Nigeria will run- whether a federation, a confederation, unitary or not. After the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914, the country was more or less run as unitary colony with twenty four provinces (12 in the North and 12 in the South) until the establishment of the federal order by the Richards constitution of 1946. Thereafter, ethnic politics (otherwise known as tribalism) and regionalism have become definitive features of Nigeria federalism. The aim of this paper was therefore, to examine the origins and sequences of events on restructuring that creates the contemporary Nigerian state including the structure and features of Nigerian Federalism and it traces. The paper revealed that some of the challenges facing Nigerian federalism are; revenue sharing formula among the tiers, state creation, resource control and power sharing. This all have cumulated in placing the democratic rule in the country at a disadvantaged position. Consequently, the dividends of democracy have seized to reach the hands of the common people. It is on the bases of this some policy recommendations were made.
THE OPERATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL OIL CORPORATIONS AND WOMEN’S LIVELIHOOD IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND REMEDIAL MEASURES
(7th International Conference on Education and Social Sciences 20-22 January, 2020 - DUBAI, 2020-01) Ogungbade G.O; Duruji M. M.; Folarin S. F.
The Niger Delta region is rich in oil and gas resources and dominated by International Oil Corporations (IOCs) which engages in operations such as exploration, drilling, extraction of crude oil, production of crude oil products, transportation and sales of the crude oil and gas. However, these activities have led to numerous challenges faced by the women that beg for attention. This paper aims at identifying the challenges faced by the women of Ogulagha kingdom of Delta State, Nigeria caused by the operations of International Oil Corporations (IOCs) and examining the relationships that exist. The paper also proffers some remedial measures on how the impact of the operations of IOCs on the livelihood of women in Ogulagha Kingdom can be mitigated. The challenges identified were environmental degradation, pose enormous human health risk from the consumption of contaminated seafoods, loss of sources of livelihood (fishing, farming and trading) particularly among women, loss of arable lands and water pollution thereby making the water to be undrinkable and recommends that the itemized challenges be addressed to serve as a mitigation measures.
Herder-Farmer Conflicts: The Politicization of Violence and Evolving Security Measures in Nigeria
(AFRICAN SECURITY 9 Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group), 2021-03-20) Nwozor Agaptus; Olanrewaju John Shola; Oshewolo Segun; Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Adedire Solomon; Okidu Onjefu
This paper illuminates the interconnections between the Nigerian government’s failure to satisfactorily address the everrising violence linked to herder-farmer conflicts and the emergence of vigilante security measures at the geo-regional level. It also examines the overall implications of vigilante security measures vis-à-vis security challenges in Nigeria. The paper finds that the predisposition to, and adoption of vigilante security strategies is indicative of the failure of formal security apparatuses to live up to their constitutional mandates. The paper recommends preventive and inclusive policing as well as strict adherence to the tenets of justice in line with the rule of law.
THE NIGERIAN BULK ELECTRICITY TRADING COMPANY AND LIQUIDITY CRISIS IN THE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY: AN INTERROGATION.
(Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 7(2), 2021-12-05) Idowu Samuel Sunday; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Memud Olanrewaju Rafiu
The Nigerian electricity sector has been characterized by underperformance and reputed for inefficiency since independence. Despite government efforts to reverse this trend through liberalization and privatisation of two sections of the sector value chain - the power generation and distribution – and the establishment of NBET for the financial security of operators, liquidity crisis remains a major challenge. Hence, this article examines the role of NBET as enshrined in PSRB while the economic liberal theory was used as an anchor for analysis. Secondary data sources were explored for textual analysis for this study. The findings reveal that the non-privatisation of the TCN and NBET bulk-buyer function limits competition among operators and also weakens solvency in the industry. The paper recommends that government ownership across the sector value chain should be disembarked while NBET should be expunged and replaced with private and public sectors owned insurance company to engender financial security and the sector regulator (NERC) strengthened financially and with a required human resource to enhance its capacity for taking proactive steps amongst others.
Causes and remedial measures of presenteeism in the post Covid-19 era workplace: Insight from job demands-resources theory
(Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 35, Issue 2, 2022) Abasilim Ugochukwu D.; Adebajo Oluwatumininu O; Gberevbie Daniel E.
An Unnecessary War of Fame: The East and West NATO’s Enlargement Strategies and the Geopolitics of Russo- Ukrainian Conflict
(International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 9, Issue 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Ade-Ibijola Aderemi Opeyemi
Russian invasion of Ukraine is one of the most critical geopolitical crises the world leaders are facing currently. And is being seen as one of the most serious test of European security in the recent time, and its presents a serious challenge as to understanding of President Putin‟s geopolitical intentions while, these grievances included the long-simmering dispute over the expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the legitimacy of Ukrainian identity as well as their statehood. It reflected a worldview Putin had long expressed, emphasizing the deep-seated unity among the Eastern Slavs-Russians and Ukrainians who they both trace their origins to the medieval KyivanRus commonwealth-and suggesting that the modern states of Russia and Ukraine should share a common political destiny now and in the future. Owing to that view is the claim that distinct Ukrainian identity is the product of foreign manipulation mostly, by Russia‟s acclaimed imperial rivals; using Ukraine as part of an “anti-Russia project. Consequently, the paper revealed that NATO is not only Russia‟s problem but, Russia‟s ambitions to extend beyond preventing Ukrainian NATO membership and encompass a more detailed aspiration to dominate Ukraine politically, militarily, and economically triggered the current conflict in Ukraine. The paper further revealed that Russia is almost certain to flop in its bid to establish lasting control over its neighbors owing to external factors, mostly the West and the nonconformist nature of Ukraine government. Therefore, concludes that if Russia must feel fully secure with regard to Ukraine, Ukraine must be territorially truncated or geopolitically neutralized by Russia. Then, if neutralization is not feasible as a strategy, Russia must renewed stability, though, this option would largely depend either on the West agreeing in renewed Russian control of Ukraine, or on Russia accepting the loss of Ukraine. It is most likely that a non-cooperative result will emerge at the end of the day, in which Russia may limit its military activity, but will continue to ensure that Ukraine cannot do what is desired to achieve or join Europe-west- NATO world.
Armed Banditry and Mass School Abductions in Northern Nigeria: Implications for National Security
(Canadian Social Science Vol. 18, No. 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
Security threats in Nigeria, due to activities of armed bandits/extremist such as kidnapping school children for ransom is one of the major prevalent insecurity issues that threaten to collapse government structures in the country. Nigeria is currently groaning under the yoke of the jihadist/Islamic movement, secessionist’s movement and all manners of criminalities. The recent spate of abductions and mass kidnapping of school children represents one of the existential threats to the future of education in northern Nigeria. The problems have provoked serious concerns across the nation, has called for urgent and holistic resolution. It has continued to be precarious, volatile and highly unpredictable, therefore creating untold fear on the people in the region; exacerbate the close down of many schools, food crisis situation, sexual molestation/slavery, and increasing wave of Internally Displaced Persons. Government’s response to the challenges has generally been ineffectual, uncoordinated and poorly executed. This paper, therefore, examines the mainstream of armed banditry, hostage taking/kidnapping in northern schools and their security threats to Nigeria. This paper anchored on “Failed state theory” and data were sourced through secondary means and analyzed qualitatively. The paper revealed that lack of education, mass illiteracy and lack of employment opportunities are among the root causes of the criminalities, banditry, and terrorism in northern Nigeria. Hence, government cannot be passive about this security challenge. It is obviously clear that government has failed in her duty to provide basic needs and has also failed to defend and protect her people. Therefore, government should address the root causes of insecurity in the northern Nigeria including overhauling the security architecture system among other policies geared towards eliminating structural imbalance in the region.
Information Communication Technology and Employees’ Job Satisfaction: A Critical Interrogation
(African RenaissanceVol. 2022, No. si1 (Adonis & Abbey Publishers), 2022-04) Akinlade Mojisola E.; Gberevbie Daniel E.
Scholars and practitioners of personnel management have in recent times become interested in the factors that enhance job satisfaction in organisations. This is born out of the fact that an employee’s satisfaction with their job is significant to the success of any organisation. Job satisfaction is critical to an employee’s motivation, performance, and organisational productivity. A crucial factor for global influence in the last two decades is the information revolution. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has altered the spheres of life and organisations across the world. Studies have shown that ICTs can enhance administrative efficiency and operational performance of organisations, high productivity. However, regardless of this widespread great relevance of ICT, there is still limited knowledge about the impacts that it has on employees and job satisfaction. Study results indicate that ICT positively impacts job satisfaction, but when directly or indirectly misused, job dissatisfaction sets in. With this, ICT implication for job satisfaction requires further investigation. This study, therefore, aims at interrogating the impacts of ICT on job satisfaction. Data obtained from relevant journals, books, internet resources, seminars and conference papers were systematically reviewed and analysed.
Commercialisation Of Public Enterprises In Nigeria: A Study Of The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (Nnpc)
(Journal of Namibian Studies, 37, 2023) Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn
The National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), has been known for its poor leadership and unprofitability for the past 47 years. This has been attributed to the government’s inability to repair the existing refineries, along with oil theft and pipeline vandalism which continue to hinder the petroleum revenue performance and oblige the country to import most of its refined products. This necessitated the commercialisation of NNPC. This study analysed the provisions of the PIA, which formed the basis for the commercialisation of NNPC. It also examined if the commercialisation of NNPC would boost the Nigerian economy. This study aims to ascertain the preparedness of diverse stakeholders in the country to accept the recent transition of NNPC from being a public entity to a commercialized enterprise. The Liberal and Public Choice theories were adopted. It also adopted a mixed method of data collection and utilized both the explanatory and descriptive survey research design. The findings revealed that the commercialisation policy itself is not a terrible notion, but the issue is more with its implementation. Finally, it recommended that the policy should be judiciously implemented in line with the provisions of the PIA in order to have practical effects on the country's economic independence.
Principles, Objectives, And Socio-Political Realities Of Nigeria’s Foreign Policy, 2019-2023
(Journal of Namibian Studies,, 2023) Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn; Ayankoya Abimbola Rachel; Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Osimen Goddy U.
The goal of developing a country's foreign policy is to advance and safeguard the country's national objectives. Therefore, the essence of this study is to analyse the principles of Nigeria’s foreign policy in the context of the country’s present socio-political realities. The study engaged secondary data, while the theory of Manifest Destiny was adopted. Findings revealed that Nigeria has not reaped the rewards of all its sacrifices and dedication to the African course. This study recommends that there should be a reconstruction of Nigeria’s foreign policy based on its current realities of tribal sectioning and religious interest by pursuing a foreign policy that is centred on the country and her citizens as a united entity.
ZAMFARA JOURNAL OF POLITICES AND DEVELOPMENT
(Cameroon, Defence, Policy, Nigeria,, 2023) RUFUS AISEDION; Osimen Goddy U.
good attempt has been made in the study which covers a comparative study of Nigeria and Cameroon’s defence policies. In carrying out this task, three fundamental objectives were set out, that examined comparatively the force posture, decision making and weapon acquisition of Nigeria and Cameroon. In course of the study, secondary materials were used, sourced from textbooks, journals, and the internet, among others. The paper concluded that the two countries lack the capability to advance the required formidable force posture, that their inability to maintain unwavering decision-making is observable, and finally the acquisition and maintenance of sophisticated weapons required for enforcing effective defence policy is weak in both countries. Also, the two countries do not possess sufficient military posture, credibility, capabilities, human resources, and military infrastructure to execute the task of defending the nation, among others. The findings revealed that Nigeria and Cameroon’s defence policy share similar weaknesses in term of force posture, decision-making, maintenance of modern weapons for military credibility and capability, among others. The paper therefore recommended that a collaborative functional effort should be made with technological advanced countries, industrial sector, research institutions, among others to reposition their force posture, develop full strength decisionmaking and maintain effective weapons to wield power both at the domestic and international levels, also both countries should concentrate in areas of national development such as agriculture and socioeconomic empowerment that would be transformed into military strength of both countries.
Cyberbullying and Social Media
(Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
Through the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space
LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL SERVICE PROVISION IN NIGERIA
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies (SGOJAHDS), Vol.5 No.1, 2023-03) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; ONABANJO LEKE KAYODE
The Geneva Convention on Laws of War and the Sudan Armed Conflict
(International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 03, No. 07, 2023-06) Osimen Goddy U.; DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIA
Unveiling INEC’S Testimonies: A Dive into Digital Technology Engagement and Voters Registration, 2015-2022
(African RenaissanceVol. 21, No. 2 (Online), 2024) Apeloko O. D.; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Excellence-Oluye Uchekwube O.; Oluwatobi Durojaiye John
Beyond the conventional approach to delivering public services, the adoption of digital mechanisms for delivering these services has been advocated. This is to improve how public services are delivered to the general public. INEC is not left out in the search for a better way to provide quality service through digital technology, and they have introduced new technologies over the years to carry out their activities. However, voter impersonation, duplicate registrations, and overcrowding at registration centres are among the problems that have plagued the election system. In light of this, it becomes imperative to identify the effects and challenges of the use of digital technology in INEC activities, specifically in the registration of voters and the distribution of voter’s cards. The scope of the study was Lagos state, specifically Alimosho Local Government. This study relied on the Technology Organisation Environment framework as the theoretical framework of analysis. This study used secondary and primary sources of data collection. The data were analysed thematically based on the research questions and the structured interview that guided the study. This study adopted a case-study research design. The population of the study was 25 staff of the Alimosho Local Government INEC office, and the sample size was 5 staff selected using the purposive sampling technique. The result showed that digital technology has a positive effect on the registration of voters and distribution of voters’ cards in Alimosho Local Government, but they still experience challenges like a shortage of digital devices and staff as well as delays in fixing and replacing damaged devices. The study concluded that despite digital technology having had a positive impact on the registration of voters and distribution of voters’ cards in Alimosho Local Government between 2015 and 2022, there are still some challenges that need to be tackled. The study recommends that INEC should provide more devices to the local government, and adequate staffing and training should be prioritised to ensure the smooth operation and management of digital systems.
The Anchor Borrowers' Programme and Its Influence on Rice Farming Dynamics in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
(Sustainable Agricultural Practices: Economic and Environmental Implications, 2024) Chima Obinna S.; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Duruji M. M.; Abasilim Ugochukwu D.
This study examines the improvement of rice production in Nigeria through the government’s policy of the Anchor Borrowers’ Programme (ABP). Rationalized by the production theory, the study utilizes quantitative methods such as surveys. The study investigates the influence of ABP on rice production, with particular emphasis on the experiences of smallholder rice farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional survey research approach, and the target population comprised smallholder rice farmers in the state who have benefitted from ABP. The study obtained a representative sample of 400 respondents through stratified random sampling. The study adopts the administration of a structured questionnaire with rice farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, as the primary data collection method. Regression was used to test the hypotheses in SPSS version 23. From the findings, the study reveals the need for the ABP, banks and other lending agencies/programmes to train farmers. It shows that modern farming contributes to rice production in Ebonyi State.
Sit-Tight Governance and the Question of Democratic Sustainability in Africa
(Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (2024), 22(2), 2024) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Olu-Owolabi Fadeke Esther; Oladipo Temidayo David
Democracy is regarded as the best form of government for promoting development, but African leaders have distorted its implementation. This paper examines the trend of sit-tight government in Africa against this backdrop. The paper investigates the trend of post-independence African political leaders. African post-independence politics has been dominated by sit-tight leaders who came to power through election or coup d’e tat. The paper also investigates the mechanisms used by African sit-tight leaders to extend their office tenure. Coups appear to be the most common method of consolidating power. An attempted coup has occurred in 46 of 54 African countries. African has the most attempted and successful coups, with 214 attempted and 106 successful. Other methods they employ include constitutional suspension and amendment; godfathers also play an important role in the politics of some African countries. The trend of sit-tight governments can be reversed if international organizations such as the AU, ECOWAS, and the UN sanction African dictators and through revival of democratic consciousness among the citizenry.
Women Empowerment and Opposition Political Parties in Africa: Efforts Towards Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs)
(Journal of Ecohumanism Volume: 3, No: 8,, 2024) Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Eneanya Augustine Nduka; OLADIPO Temidayo David
This study is to explore different ways that opposition political parties have adopted towards the political empowerment of women in African society to ensure their well-being which is part of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) number three (3) of United Nations Agenda 2030. The study is also out to explore the challenges facing the empowerment of women thereby disrupting their supposed contributions to the development of politics in general and political parties in particular within Africa. This study adopts qualitative research methods in the source for information which is secondary data. The sourced information is obtained from textbooks, Journals and conference publications, Newspapers, Magazines, and reliable internet materials. The theoretical framework adopted in this study is Liberal Feminism. The finding reveals opposition political parties do not have more political, economic, and social strength than the ruling political party in empowering the women, but they adopt different strategies that can help them to mobilize the women population. They do these by creating an acceptable quota system for women in their party leadership, creating women's wings, and economic development, reducing the cost of tickets for women, and raising funds for training and sponsoring women in political positions.The study concludes that opposition political parties have less of the needed political and economic strength to fully empower women and achieve their expected well-being as they lack control over the nation’s policies and adequate resources.
The Legislative Enactments On Women’s Inclusion In Governance: A Study Of Lagos State House Of Assembly, Nigeria (2015- 2022)
(Educational Administration: Theory and Practice 2024, 30(5),, 2024) Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Oladipo Victoria Olaitan; Gberevbie Daniel E.
Women in Nigeria have faced limitations like in different countries of Africa. This has happened in different sectors in Nigeria, most especially the inclusion in governance. Nigeria, like many other countries, has grappled with issues of gender inequality in political representation. This situation has also lowered their expected contributions to Nigerian socioeconomic development. This study examines the legislative enactments aimed at promoting women's inclusion in governance within the Lagos State House of Assembly during the period 2015 to 2022. The research focuses on the efforts made by the Lagos State legislative body to address this imbalance through the formulation and implementation of policies, laws, and initiatives. The study employs qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The study employs a comprehensive analysis of legislative documents, debates, and official records to evaluate the extent to which the Lagos State House of Assembly has played a role in advancing women's participation in political decision-making. The Feminist constitutionalism theory was used to underpin the analyses of the study. The data was analysed using the thematic method of analysis. The findings revealed the lack of implementation of legislative enactments that encourage the inclusion of women in governance by the Lagos State House of Assembly from 2015 to 2022. It also explains policy areas that parliaments could focus on and the role of technology as a mechanism in legislating policies that will encourage the inclusion of women in governance. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, gender advocates, and researchers interested in understanding the dynamics of legislative processes and their impact on women's representation and participation in governance. It recommends among other things, the need for gender quotas, and regulations on political party financing that promote women’s inclusion.
The Rising Insecurity In Nigeria: Interogating The Linkage Between Poverty And Banditry
(Educational Administration: Theory and Practice 30(5), 2024) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Osimen Goddy U.; Adi Isaac; Dada Omolara
Security creates an environment in which people in an economy can set goals and invest in their future and where social bonds and institutions are strengthened, which leads to economic growth and development. The paper went into detail about the rise of insecurity in Nigeria and how security threats and banditry are linked to the country's high poverty level. Even though poverty is not the only reason why people in Nigeria engage in banditry and other related crimes. Poverty was identified as a major cause in the paper. Other reasons cited include religion and a lack of education, both of which may be indirectly related to poverty. According to the study, banditry has direct consequences such as the destruction of lives and property and the displacement of people, as well as indirect consequences such as a decrease in foreign investment, a widening in the production gap of food items, a spike in food prices, deterioration of educational institutions, and loss of confidence of local and foreign investors, among others. Banditry is worsening Nigeria's poverty situation. The study concludes that insecurity threatens not only the affected Northern region of Nigeria, but also the country's overall growth and development. To address the insurgency problem in Nigeria, the government should focus not only on combating insecurity through militancy, but also on developing human capital and empowering the youth.