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Subject: search.filters.subject.Prostate cancer

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    Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens in men with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia from Southwestern Nigeria
    (BMC Microbiology, 2024) Akinpelu, Sharon O.; Olasehinde, Grace I.; kuerowo, Stephen O.; Akinnola, Olayemi O.
    Background Epidemiological investigations have revealed an important association between infection, inflammation and prostate cancer. Certain bacterial species, such as Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus mirabilis, Chlamydia trachomatis have been linked to prostate cancer. This study aimed to examine the microbiota; specifically bacterial species that have been linked to prostate infections in the urine of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer. Results Sixty-six prostate cancer patients and forty controls provided midstream urine samples. The urine samples were grown on suitable medium, and bacterial isolates were detected by standard microbiological methods. Additionally, the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates was analysed. A total of number of 72 bacterial isolates were obtained from the urine of study participants. The results showed the presence of Escherichia coli (50.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.1%), Klebsiella spp (15.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.3%), Enterobacter spp (4.2%), and Proteus mirabilis (2.8%) in the urine. The most common bacterial species isolated from prostate cancer patients was Escherichia coli, which was susceptible to levofloxacin (100%), tobramycin (91.7%), and amikacin (62.5%). Conclusions This study’s findings established the presence of bacteria previously linked to prostatitis. This report indicates a high prevalence of pro-inflammatory bacteria and uropathogens in the urinary tract of men diagnosed with prostate cancer
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    A possible role of urinary genotoxic Escherichia coli in prostate cancer in Nigerian patients
    (BMC Research Notes, 2025) Akinpelu, Sharon O.; Olasehinde, Grace I.; Akinnola, Olayemi O.
    Objective Infection and inflammation are potential initiating factors for the development and progression of prostate cancer. This study investigated the presence of bacterial genotoxins; colibactin (clb) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) in Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer as well as those with benign prostatic hyperplasia. E. coli was isolated from urine samples from prostate cancer patients (cases, n = 30) and men with benign prostate hyperplasia (controls, n = 40). The presence of colibactin (clb) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes was evaluated in E. coli isolates using polymerase chain reaction. Results The frequency of E. coli was 36.0% of prostate cancer patients and 30.0% of controls, respectively (p = 0.557). Furthermore, there was a higher occurrence of the clb gene in cases compared to controls (36.4% vs. 8.3%). Cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene was absent in all isolates examined. The analysis revealed no significant relationship between the selected genotoxins and prostate cancer (p = 0.104). The Gleason grade of the cancer was not a major determinant in the occurrence of clb within the cancer cases. The present study is the first report investigating bacterial genotoxins in urine samples of Nigerian prostate cancer patients. Our findings showed no association between bacterial genotoxins and prostate cancer. Additional investigations are warranted to further investigate the role of bacterial genotoxins in prostate cancer development.
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    ASSOCIATION OF COMT AND CYP1B1 POLYMORPHISMS WITH PROSTATE CANCER RISK IN NIGERIAN MEN
    (Covenant University Ota, 2025-09) Pirisola, Ayomikun Joshua; Covenant University Dissertation
    Prostate cancer (PCa) disproportionately affects men of African descent, with Nigeria recording high mortality rates, yet genetic studies in this population remain sparse. This study investigated the association between COMT rs4680 Val158Met, rs9332377, and CYP1B1 rs1056836 genetic variants and PCa risk and severity in Nigerian men. This case-control study involved 65 histologically confirmed PCa patients aged (median) 65 years old and 59 healthy controls aged (median) 60 years old. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood. Genotyping was conducted via TaqMan real-time PCR. Chi-square tests were conducted to compare genotype/allele frequencies, and associations were estimated using unadjusted logistic regression odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlations were used to examine correlations with Gleason scores. Findings showed that there is a significant genotype and allele difference in COMT rs4680, where low-activity AA is the genotype that presents high risk (OR=9.50, 95% CI: 3.08-36.42, p<0.001 vs. GG), under genotypic as well as dominant models. In the case of rs9332377, the effect of the TT genotype showed a trend towards a protective effect but did not reach statistical significance (OR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.03-0.94, p=0.062 vs. CC). There were significant differences in CYP1B1 rs1056836, with the C alleles higher in cases (83.7% vs. 13.6%), and the GG risk being borderline (OR=4.074, p=0.056). None of the variants were significantly correlated with Gleason scores (p>0.05), although there was a trend in the case of rs1056836 (Spearman rho=0.263, p=0.089). These results suggest that genetic variation in COMT and CYP1B1 may contribute to PCa susceptibility among Nigerian men, potentially through impaired oestrogen detoxification pathways. Further validation in larger cohorts, with adjustments for environmental factors and comparisons across populations, is needed to clarify these associations.
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    ASSOCIATION OF IL6, TNF-α and IL10 POLYMORPHISM WITH PROSTATE CANCER RISK AND SEVERITY IN NIGERIAN MEN
    (Covenant University Ota, 2025-09) ALEEM, Adeola Abibat; Covenant University Dissertation
    One of the critical health burdens in Nigeria is prostate cancer (PCa) with high risk and death, especially men of African indigene. Persistent inflammation is influenced by soluble molecules such as interleukin-6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), and interleukin-10 (IL10), which influences PCa development and malignancy, with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes influencing disease susceptibility and severity. This study investigated the association of IL6 (rs1800795), TNFα (rs1800629), and IL10 (rs1800872) SNPs with PCa risk and severity in a Nigerian cohort comprising 75 PCa victims and 81 healthy controls. Genotype and allele frequencies were determined using TaqMan SNP genotyping, and associations with PCa risk and severity (assessed via Gleason scores) were analysed. The results showed no statistical relationship between the studied SNPs and PCa risk. Specifically, rs1800629 showed a predominance of the GG genotype (85.7% cases, 86.4% controls) with a low minor allele frequency (MAF) for the A allele (7.04% cases, 6.72% controls; OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.39–2.38, p = 0.930), and no correlation with Gleason scores (p = 0.58). For rs1800872, genotype frequencies (TT: 14.3% cases, 16.9% controls; TG: 50.0% cases, 58.4% controls; GG: 35.7% cases, 24.7% controls). The minor T allele was less frequent in cases (39.3%) than in controls (46.1%), suggesting a protective effect, though the difference is not statistically significant. No meaningful associations was observed with PCa risk and the genotypes (OR = 1.711, GG vs. TT, p = 0.301; OR = 1.017, TG vs. TT, p = 0.971) or with Gleason scores (p = 0.95). Notably, rs1800795 exhibited complete monomorphism (GG genotype in all subjects), precluding its analysis as a biomarker for PCa risk or severity. The lack of significant associations may be attributed to population-specific genetic profiles, particularly the monomorphism of rs1800795 and low MAF of rs1800629, as well as the limited sample size, which constrained statistical power. These findings show the importance of population-specific genetic studies, as allele frequencies and their disease associations vary across populations. Future research should involve larger cohorts, genome-wide association studies, and functional analyses to explore other IL-6 SNPs, gene-environment interactions, and novel PCa-associated variants in Nigerians, contributing to improved molecular epidemiology and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapies in African populations.