Recent advances in functionalized quinoline scaffolds and hybrids —Exceptional pharmacophore in therapeutic medicine
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Abstract
Description
Quinoline is one of the most common nitrogen-containing heterocycles owing to its
fascinating pharmacological properties and synthetic value in organic and
pharmaceutical chemistry. Functionalization of this moiety at different positions
has allowed for varying pharmacological activities of its derivative. Several
publications over the last few decades have specified various methods of
synthesis. This includes classical methods of synthesizing the primary quinoline
derivatives and efficient methods that reduce reaction time with increased yield
employing procedures that fulfill one of the twelve green chemistry principles, “safer
solvent”. The metal nanoparticle-catalyzed reaction also serves as a potent and
effective technique for the synthesis of quinoline with excellent atom efficiency. The
primary focus of this review is to highlight the routes to synthesizing functionalized
quinoline derivatives, including hybrids that have moieties with predetermined
activities bound to the quinoline moiety which are of interest in synthesizing drug
candidates with dual modes of action, overcoming toxicity, and resistance amongst
others. This was achieved using updated literature, stating the biological activities
and mechanisms through which these compounds administer relief. The ADMET
studies and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of novel derivatives were also
highlighted to explore the drug-likeness of the quinoline-hybrids and the
influence of substituent characteristics and position on the biological activity of
the compounds.
Keywords
QD Chemistry