Recycling of Periwinkle ShellWaste as Partial Substitute for Sand and Stone Dust in Lightweight Hollow Sandcrete Blocks towards Environmental Sustainability
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MDPI
Abstract
Description
Global consumption of nonrenewable natural aggregate for construction activities is now
becoming a significant concern. Reusing agricultural or marine-based wastes could offer a promising
alternative to achieve natural aggregate conservation and a pollution-free environment. This study
investigated the suitability of using crushed periwinkle shell (CPWS) as a reliable constituent material
for sand and stone dust in producing hollow sandcrete blocks. The CPWS was used to partially
substitute river sand and stone dust at 5, 10, 15 and 20% in sandcrete block mixes using a constant
water–cement ratio (w/c) of 0.35. The weight, density and compressive strength of the hardened
hollow sandcrete samples were determined after 28 days of curing along with the water absorption
rate. Results showed an increase in the water absorbing rate of the sandcrete blocks as CPWS
content increased. Mixes containing 5% and 10% CPWS substitute for sand with 100% stone dust
surpassed the minimum targeted strength of 2.5 N/mm2. The compressive strength results suggested
that CPWS is most suitable to be deployed as a partial substitute for sand as a constant stone dust
material, thus imply that the construction industry can achieve sustainable construction with agro or
marine-based wastes in hollow sandcrete production
Keywords
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)