Investigating and combatting the key drivers of viral zoonoses in Africa: an analysis of eight epidemics
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Investigating the interplay of factors that result in a viral zoonotic outbreak is difficult, though it is increasingly
important. As anthropogenic influences shift the delicate balance of ecosystems, new zoonoses emerge in humans.
Sub-Saharan Africa is a notable hotspot for zoonotic disease due to abundant competent mammalian reservoir hosts.
Furthermore, poverty, corruption, and an overreliance on natural resources play considerable roles in depleting
biological resources, exacerbating the population’s susceptibility. Unsurprisingly, viral zoonoses have emerged in
Africa, including HIV/AIDS, Ebola, Avian influenza, Lassa fever, Zika, and Monkeypox. These diseases are among
the principal causes of death in endemic areas. Though typically distinct in their manifestations, viral zoonoses are
connected by underlying, definitive factors. This review summarises vital findings on viral zoonoses in Africa using
nine notable case studies as a benchmark for future studies. We discuss the importance of ecological recuperation
and protection as a central strategy to control zoonotic diseases. Emphasis was made on moderating key drivers
of zoonotic diseases to forestall future pandemics. This is in conjunction with attempts to redirect efforts from
reactive to pre-emptive through a multidisciplinary “one health” approach.
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QH301 Biology